黄宁珍 苏江 冼康华 付传明 龚庆芳 黄惠锦 何金祥

摘 要：该文以青钱柳幼嫩茎段为外植体，研究其种苗快速繁殖技术。结果表明：青钱柳最佳采样时间为4月—6月，最佳外植体为轻微木质化茎段;最佳的外植体表面消毒方法为用0.1% HgCl2浸泡5～7 min，消毒成功率54.1%，无菌外植体存活率88.7%;初代芽诱导培养基为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg培养40 d，最高生根率83.3%;生根苗较适合的移栽基质为泥碳土，较好的移栽季节为3月—5月和10月—11月，移栽后在遮光度70%的大棚中培养40 d，移栽成活率为54.3%～65.6%。该研究为其优良无性系的规模化繁育奠定基础。

关键词：青钱柳，幼嫩茎段，快速繁殖

Abstract：Cyclocarya paliurus is a unique fast-growing tree in China and a mono species of Cyclocarya genus in Juglandaceae family. It has important medical value and is honored as “the third tree in the medical field”. But its seedling breeding is difficult and inefficient. Therefore，tissue culture and rapid propagation of Cyclocarya paliurus were studied by using the young stem segments as explants. The results were as follows：The optimal sampling time of explants was from April to June. The best explants for tissue culture were the slight lignification stem segments. And the best explants surface disinfection method was to soak stem segments in 0.1% HgCl2  for about 5-7 min. The success rate of disinfection was 54.1% and the survival rate of aseptic explants was 88.7%. The medium of MS+6-BA 2.0 mgCultivated 40 d in this medium，and the highest rooting rate was 83.3%. The suitable transplanting matrix for rooting seedlings was slimy soil，and the best transplanting seasons were the periods from March to May and from October to November. After transplanting，the rooting seedlings were cultured for 40 d in a greenhouse with a shade of 70%，and the survival rates were 54.3%-65.6%. This work would lay a foundation for large-scale breeding of its superior clones.

Key words：Cyclocarya paliurus，young stem segments，rapid propagation

青錢柳（Cyclocarya paliurus）是胡桃科青钱柳属单种属植物，又名摇钱树、麻柳等，是第四纪冰川幸存下来的珍稀树种，我国独有的单种属乔木植物和国家重点保护濒危植物之一。青钱柳被誉为植物界的大熊猫，医学界的第三棵树，据记载，青钱柳的树皮、树叶具有清热解毒、止痛等功能，用于治疗顽癣，民间用其叶制成保健茶饮用已有约200 a历史（中国药材公司，1994; 付燕等，2017）。青钱柳富含多糖、黄酮类化合物、齐墩果酸、萜类化合物、有机酸、生物碱以及甾醇等多种有效成分（李俊等，2008; Li et al.，2008; 唐梅等，2017），具有降血糖、降血压、降血脂、增加机体免疫力、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗肿瘤等作用（韩澄等，2009; 唐梅等，2017; 邹荣灿等，2018）。目前，青钱柳制成的保健茶，不仅在国内得到广大消费者认可，并得到美国食品与药品管理局、日本厚生省和德国卫生部的认可，是我国第一个获得美国 FDA 认证的保健茶产品（谢明勇和谢建华，2008）。……