中国发展自导水雷的可行性探讨
2019-10-21康玉宅
康玉宅


内容摘要:水雷作为一种古老的水中兵器,在战争中发挥了十分重要的作用,随着时代的进步,自导水雷应运而生。本文从自导水雷的产生和发展现状,自导水雷的优点及不足,以及我国发展鱼水雷的必要性和需要解决的问题做了阐述,简要论证了我国发展自导水雷的可行性。
关键词:自导水雷;可行性
Abstract: As an ancient underwater weapon, mine play a very important role in the war. With the progress of underwater weapon, there was a new kind of mine had beeninvented, that was Self-guided mine. The paper will not only introduce thedevelopment history of the Self-guided mine, but also introduce the advantages anddisadvantages of the Self-guided mine. At the same time, the necessity of developingSelf-guided mine and the problems which should to be solved in the future will bebriefly described in the paper. Finally, the paper will give some feasible suggestionsfor developing Self-guided mine for China.
Key words: Self-guided mine; feasibility.
一、自导水雷简介
水雷武器自诞生起,由于其破坏威力大,隐蔽性能良好,使用布设简单,抗扫性强,生产成本低,作战效果好,研发、生产难度小,作战形式多样等诸多优点,使其在海战中被广泛应用。时至今日依旧在海军武器中占有重要地位。
二战后,随着机械、动力、探测、电子、通信和控制等领域的发展和进步,水雷武器已经由简单、被动性、防御性武器发展成为了复合型、智能化、主被动攻击相结合的智能型攻防一体化武器系统。现役水雷除了传统形式上的沉底雷、漂雷、悬浮雷、锚雷等,还发展了诸如:上浮水雷、自航水雷、火箭助推水雷、遥控主动攻击水雷和集束式水雷等新型水[1]。其中有一种水雷格外神秘,那就是——自导水雷。
1.1基本概念
自导水雷是将传统水雷布放方式與鱼雷攻击方式相结合形成的一种新型水雷。该型水雷由值更探测平台和作战单元(鱼雷)组成。自导水雷经作战平台布放后,以系留方式在作战海域战斗值班。当水雷值更探测平台发现并确认目标后,担当作战单元的鱼雷启动并发射。鱼类出管后按照预设定弹道朝目标方向机动,执行搜索弹道。……
