张晶

摘要：随着我国城市化进程的不断发展，大量的农村青年进城务工，导致我国农村空巢老人的数量不断升高，得到了社会的高度关注。由于淡化的养老观念、不太完善的养老制度、人口老龄化的加重及人口出生率的降低等多种因素的影响，山东省内农村的空巢老人面临着众多养老问题。为有效的解决空巢老人的养老问题，建设全面小康社会，本文从空巢老人面临的精神、经济、医疗卫生、社会保障等问题进行研究。在相关研究成果的基础上，结合目前空巢老人养老的情况，研究出现空巢老人养老问题最根本症结，寻找出解决空巢老人养老的措施，使空巢老人能够安享晚年。

关键词：空巢老人；养老问题；对策

Abstract：with the continuous development of China's urbanization process，a large number of rural young people go to cities for work，resulting in the number of rural empty-nesters in China is rising，has been highly concerned by the society. Due to the influence of various factors，such as weakened pension concept，imperfect pension system，aggravation of population aging and reduction of birth rate，the rural empty-nesters in shandong province are faced with numerous pension problems. In order to effectively solve the pension problems of empty-nesters and build an all-round well-off society，this paper studies the spiritual，economic，medical and health，social security and other problems faced by empty-nesters. On the basis of relevant research results and in combination with the current situation of providing for the aged empty-nesters，this paper studies the fundamental crux of the problem of providing for the aged empty-nesters，and finds out the measures to solve the problem of providing for the aged empty-nesters，so that empty-nesters can enjoy their old age in peace.

key words：empty nesters；Pension problems；countermeasures

空巢老人一般指子女離家后的老人。据相关研究数据表明，我国空巢老人的人数的以达到2179.39万人，而且预计到2020年，全国空巢老年人口将上升到1.18亿人左右，由此可见，随着我国老龄化的加重，空巢老人数量也变的越来越多。空巢老人属于社会上的弱势群体，他们由于年龄大、生理机能的下降，导致起居不方便，难以参与社会活动，并且由于长期单独的生活，使其感到空虚，容易发生心理及生理问题。随着空巢老人的增多，我国养老政策难以满足空巢老人的需求，也因此带来了许多社会性的问题。因此，为了解决空巢老人的养老问题，保障空巢老人生活，本研究对山东省空巢老人问题进行分析，并研究相关对策。

1.分析空巢老人的养老现状