急性有机磷农药中毒并发中间综合征19例的护理
2019-10-21彭凤鸣陈斌
彭凤鸣 陈斌
【摘 要】目的:探索有机磷农药中毒并发中间综合征的观察和护理,以提高抢救成功率。方法:对19例有机磷农药中毒并发中间综合征患者急行经口气管插管,呼吸机辅助呼吸以及呼吸道管理观察。结果:出现中间综合征的19例患者中,抢救成功18例,死亡1例。结论:对有机磷农药中毒中间综合征,只要加强巡视,严密观察病情,尽早发现,及时采取有效措施,严格管理呼吸道,可提高抢救成功率。
【关键词】中毒;有机磷农药;中间综合征;护理
【中图分类号】R198 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1004-7484(2019)07-0081-01
【Abstract】Objective:To explore the observation and nursing of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning complicated with intermediate syndrome in order to improve the success rate of rescue. Methods:19 cases of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning complicated with intermediate syndrome were treated by intubation, ventilator assisted respiration and respiratory tract management. Results:among 19 patients with intermediate syndrome, 18 were rescued successfully and 1 died. Conclusion:for the intermediate syndrome of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, as long as we strengthen the inspection, observe the condition closely, find it as soon as possible, take effective measures in time and manage the respiratory tract strictly, we can improve the success rate of rescue.
【Key words】poisoning; organophosphorus pesticide; intermediate syndrome; nursing
中間综合征是一种不同于胆碱能危象所致呼吸衰竭与“反跳”的一组以周围性呼吸衰竭为主要的临床综合征。它发生于中毒症状缓解后的恢复期,易误诊为反跳,病死率高。自1987年Senanayake首次报道急性有机磷农药中毒中间综合征(IMS)以来,IMS已被医务人员越来越清楚地认识[1],其诊断率及抢救成功率均在提高。我院2018年1月-2019年12月收治有机磷农药中毒201例出现中间综合征并发展症的有19例。现将护理体会报告如下。
1 临床资料
急性有机磷农药中毒患者201例,男90例,女111例,年龄15-65岁。发生中间综合征19例,死亡1例。
2 临床表现
发生前2-3h常出现类似“阿托品化”的先兆症状,变现为瞳孔散大,心率增快,轻度烦躁,面色潮红。前驱症状:患者平静后首先出现颅神经麻痹,先后累及面肌、眼肌及颈部肌群。表现为不能抬头,吞咽困难,说话无力,眼球活动不灵活,眼睑下垂,易被误认为阿托品过量出现烦躁后的疲劳。发作时首先出现精神紧张,四肢及全身麻木,面色灰暗约半小时后出现呼吸浅快,逐渐出现面色及口唇紫绀,在5-10min内呼吸停止。……
