田丽萍　李硕辉

【摘要】 目的：探讨贫血患者的血液检验及其检验结果。方法：选取2016年5月-2018年5月本院收治的经临床确诊为贫血患者50例，依贫血类型分为缺铁性贫血组30例和地中海贫血组20例，同时将同期接待的健康体检者50例为对照组。所有对象均接受血液检验，比较各组血液检验指标（RBC、MCV、Hb、MCH、RBC/MCV、RDW），分析缺铁性贫血与地中海贫血符合率。结果：三组MCV、Hb、RBC/MCV、RDW比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），三组RBC、MCH比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;其中地中海贫血组RBC、MCV、Hb、MCH、RDW均低于对照组（P<0.05），RBC/MCV高于对照组（P<0.05）;缺铁性贫血组MCV、Hb、MCH、RBC/MCV均低于对照组（P<0.05），RDW高于对照组（P<0.05）;地中海贫血组RBC、RDW均低于缺铁性贫血组（P<0.05），Hb、RBC/MCH均高于缺铁性贫血组（P<0.05）;地中海贫血组、缺铁性贫血组经血液检验符合率分别为80.00%、83.33%，比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：血液检验应用在贫血患者中有一定的诊断价值，可以作为辅助参考指标，可为臨床诊治贫血提供一定的参考，值得在基层医院推广。

【关键词】 贫血; 地中海贫血; 缺铁性贫血; 血液检验

Blood Tests and Results of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Thalassemia/TIAN Liping，LI Shuohui.//Medical Innovation of China，2019，16（06）：0-042

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the blood test and test results of anemia patients.Method：A total of

50 patients with anemia diagnosed clinically in our hospital from May 2016 to May 2018 were selected and divided into iron deficiency anemia group（n=30）and thalassemia group（n=20）according to the type of anemia，at the same time，50 health examinees received in the same period were taken as control group.All subjects were tested by blood test.The blood test indexes（RBC，MCV，Hb，MCH，RBC/MCV，RDW）of each group were compared，and the coincidence rate between iron deficiency anemia and Mediterranean anemia was analyzed.Result：The MCV，Hb，RBC/MCV and RDW in three groups were compared，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05），the RBC and MCH were compared，the differences were not statistically significant（P>0.05）.The RBC，MCV，Hb，MCH and RDW in thalassemia group were lower than those of control group（P<0.05），and RBC/MCV was higher than that of control group（P<0.05）.The MCV，Hb，MCH，RBC/MCV in iron deficiency anemia group were lower than those of control group（P<0.05），and RDW was higher than that of control group（P<0.05）.The RBC and RDW in thalassemia group were lower than those of iron deficiency anemia group（P<0.05），while Hb and RBC/MCH in thalassemia group were higher than those of iron deficiency anemia group（P<0.05）.The coincidence rates of blood tests in thalassemia group and iron deficiency anemia group were 80.00% and 83.33% respectively，the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.Conclusion：The application of blood test in patients with anemia has certain diagnostic value，can be used as an auxiliary reference index，can provide a certain reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of anemia，and is worth of promoting in grass-roots hospitals.

【Key words】 Anemia; Thalassemia; Iron deficiency anemia; Blood test

First-authors address：Taishan Peoples Hospital，Taishan 529200，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.06.010

贫血属于临床比较常见的疾病，常见的类型主要是地中海贫血与缺铁性贫血，但二者发病机制不同，治疗方案也有所不同，为此需进行必要的鉴别诊断，才能促进治疗更有针对性[1]。从有关报道中看出，很多系统疾病均可能造成贫血发生，而不同原因所致贫血症状都有着相似的血液学特征与临床表现，这些都会导致临床诊断难度较大[2-6]。按照世界卫生组织研究报道可知，全球有>25%人群罹患贫血，而血红蛋白、红细胞酶、红细胞膜基因不足等所致贫血在人类遗传疾病中高居病因首位[7]。血液检验在临床检验中有着广泛的应用，也是血常规检验中最为基本的方式。血液包括液体与有形细胞两部分，血常规检验主要涉及的是血液细胞部分，血液细胞含有三种细胞，包括红细胞、白细胞、血小板，主要是通过观察这些细胞的数量变化与形态分布来进行疾病判断。为……