基于RWEQ模型的石渠县土壤风蚀评价及影响因素分析
2019-09-15杨雪琴丁锐谢骏锴刘恩勤
杨雪琴 丁锐 谢骏锴 刘恩勤



摘要:应用修正风蚀模型(RWEQ)对四川省甘孜藏族自治州石渠县进行土壤风蚀模数估算,分析土壤风蚀在石渠县的空间分布特征及各个因素对石渠县土壤风蚀作用的影响。结果表明,石渠县北部抗土壤风蚀能力优于南部,西南部受土壤风蚀影响最大;气象因子为土壤风蚀最主要的影响因子,在6月汛期时土壤风蚀模数达到最大;植被指数的空间分布特征与土壤风蚀模数空间分布特征契合,对其影响较深。
关键词:RWEQ模型;土壤风蚀;防风固沙;石渠县
中图分类号:S157.1 文献标识码:A
文章编号:0439-8114(2019)15-0026-04
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.15.006 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Evaluation of wind erosion and analysis of its influencing factors
in Shiqu county based on REWQ model
YANG Xue-qin,DING Rui,XIE Jun-kai,LIU En-qin
(College of Earth Science,Chengdu University of Technology/Key Laboratory of Information Technology & Application of Land and Resource,Chengdu 610059,China)
Abstract: The modified wind erosion model (RWEQ) was used to estimate the soil wind erosion modulus of Shiqu county, Ganzi prefecture, Sichuan province, and the spatial distribution characteristics of soil wind erosion and the effects of various factors on the soil wind erosion in Shiqu county were analyzed. The results showed that, the resistance to soil wind erosion in northern Shiqu county was better than that in southern, and the southwest was the most affected by soil wind erosion. Meteorological factors were the most important factors affecting soil wind erosion. The soil wind erosion modulus reached the maximum in the flood season in June. The spatial distribution of vegetation index was consistent with the spatial distribution characteristics of soil wind erosion modulus, and its influence was deep.
Key words: REWQ model; wind erosion; sand-fixing; Shiqu county
土壤侵蝕是土壤退化的一种表现形式。土壤退化的两个主要因素分别为水蚀和风蚀,二者导致的全球退化土地面积约占84%[1],使土壤过度侵蚀成为目前世界上最重要的环境问题之一。土壤侵蚀过程可能非常缓慢,也可能以较快的速度造成表土的严重流失。随着中国基础建设脚步的加快,人类活动导致土壤侵蚀速率也开始加快。土壤侵蚀使营养丰富的上层土壤流失,将最终导致土地荒漠化。农业泥沙流入河流还会导致水体富营养化,进一步污染水体和土壤。在土壤风蚀过程中产生的悬浮土壤颗粒是空气污染的主要来源之一,当土壤颗粒被农药、化工燃料等有毒化学品污染,再着陆或被人体吸入时会造成严重的生态和公共健康问题。中国西部山区生态脆弱,水土流失现象较为严重,威胁着国家的生态安全,当地风蚀模数的估算工作对维护其生态环境可持续发展具有一定意义。……
