刘洋 裴兆斌 王悦

摘要：海洋服务业已成为海洋经济发展的重要引擎，“十三五”时期是辽宁省海洋经济加快转型升级的关键期，要求培育新动能、发展新模式。因此，培育海洋服务新业态对辽宁省海洋经济发展具有重要意义。文章针对辽宁海洋服务业发展滞后，规模偏小、区域发展不平衡，同质化严重、科技含量低，层次相对低下、与其他产业融合不足，资源整合较差等问题，提出培育海洋服务新业态重要路径为：积极发展四大产业，提高经济规模总量;优化产业区域布局，形成错位发展;提高科技含量，提升海洋服务业层次;促进海洋服务业与其他行业融合协调，提升资源整合度。法律保障措施为：完善法规体系、严格项目审批、提高执法水平、健全应急管理。

关键词：海洋服务业;海洋服务新业态;产业集群;路径选择;法律保障

中图分类号：F0622;P7文献标志码：A文章编号：1005-9857（2019）03-0028-06

The Cultivation of New Business Forms and Legal Guarantee of Marine Service in Liaoning Province

LIU Yang，PEI Zhaobin，WANG Yue

（Dalian Ocean University，Dalian 116023，China）

Abstract：The marine service industry has become an important engine for the development of the marine economy.The “13th FiveYear Plan” period is a key period for the accelerated transformation and upgrading of the marine economy in Liaoning province，and it is required to cultivate new kinetic energy and develop new models.Therefore，cultivating a new format of marine services is of great significance to the development of marine economy in Liaoning province.

Aiming at the problems such as the lagging development，small scale，unbalanced regional development，serious homogeneity，low science and technology content，relatively low level，insufficient integration with other industries and poor integration of resources，this paper put forward some important paths to cultivate new forms of marine services

actively developing four major industries;increasing the total economic scale;optimizing the regional layout of the industry and forming a dislocation development;improving the scientific and technological content and upgrade the level of marine service industry;promoting the integration and coordination of the marine service industry with other industries，and enhancing the integration of resources.The legal safeguard measures were： perfecting the legal system;strict project approval;improving the level of law enforcement;improving emergency management.

Key words： Marine service industry，New business model of marine services，Industrial cluster，Path selection，Legal protection

0引言

当今是蓝色海洋时代，世界各国已将海洋作为经济发展的重要载体和未来发展的战略空间，全面加快对海洋资源开发与利用，发展海洋经济成为全球区域经济发展的主流。我国也高度重视海洋经济建设，在“十二五”规划中将发展海洋经济提升到国家战略高度。党的十九大报告中进一步提出“加快建设海洋强国”，全面推进海洋经济发展。作为海洋经济主导产业的海洋服务业不断提速升级，新业态方兴未艾。目前，我国海洋经济已经发展形成“三、二、一”的产业格局。2017年全国海洋生产总值为77 611亿元，三产业增加值43 919亿元，占海洋生产总值的比重为566%，可见加快发展海洋服务业是海洋经济转型发展的必然选择。……