刘龙腾 高宏泉

摘要：实施渔村振兴是实现渔业高质量发展、解决渔业发展不平衡不充分问题的有效途径，具有鲜明的时代意义和现实意义。文章基于渔民入户调查数据，从渔民满意度评价角度探讨实施渔村振兴面临的基础和问题。研究发现当前实施渔村振兴面临的基础是：渔村乡风文明程度较好，渔村治理成效明显，但渔村产业还不太兴旺，渔村环境离生态宜居还有一定差距，渔民生活水平有待提高。实施渔村振兴主要面临渔业基本经营制度有待完善，渔村产业高质量发展水平不高，渔村环境离生态宜居要求还有较大差距，渔村现代化治理体系尚未建立，渔业文化挖掘和传承后继乏人，渔民增收长效机制尚未建立，渔民社会保障尚未完全建立等问题，以期为进一步提出有针对性的渔村振兴政策建议提供决策参考。

关键词：渔村振兴;渔民;满意度评价;渔村治理;渔村环境;渔业文化

中图分类号：S9;P74 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1005-9857（2019）07-0035-07

Abstract： The implementation of the revitalization of fishing villages is an effective way to achieve high-quality development of fisheries and solve the problem of insufficient imbalance in fishery development，with distinct epochal and practical significance.Based on the 20-character total requirements of the rural revitalization strategy，this paper explored the foundation and problems of implementing the revitalization of fishing villages from the perspective of fishermen′s satisfaction assessment based on fishermen′s household survey data.The study found that the implementation of the fishing village revitalization is based on the fact that the fishing village has a good civility and the fishing village has achieved remarkable results.However，the fishing village industry is not very prosperous.There is still a gap between the fishing village environment and the ecological livability.The living standards of the fishermen need to be improved.The implementation of the fishing village revitalization mainly faces seven major problems，including the basic fishery management system need to be improved，the high-quality developing level of industry in fishing village is not high，the fishing village environment is still far from the ecologically livable requirements，the modernization management system of the fishing village has not yet been established，the excavation and inheritance of fishery culture is lacking，and the long-term mechanism for increasing fishermen′s income has not yet been established，and the fishermen′s social security has not yet been fully established.

Key words：Fishing village revitalization， Fishermen，Satisfaction evaluation，Fishing village governance，Fishing village environment，Fishery culture

党的十九大报告明确提出实施乡村振兴战略，乡村振兴战略逐步成为新时代“三农”工作总抓手[1]。乡村振兴战略的提出和深入实施，既为我国现代渔业建设、渔区繁荣、渔民增收提供了新的历史机遇，也为新时代我国渔业发展方向、发展目标提出了新的更高的要求，以乡村振兴为起点，我国渔业发展进入新阶段[2]。新时代渔业发展必须按照乡村振兴战略“产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕”的总要求，坚持“提质增效、减量增收、绿色发展、富裕渔民”的总目标，坚持生态优先和绿色发展，深入推进渔业供给侧结构性改革，推进渔港渔村振兴，走高质量发展之路。……