庆祝改革开放40周年大会2018年12月188上午在北京人民大会堂隆重举行。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平在大会上发表重要讲话。

习近平强调，40年的实践充分证明，党的十一届三中全会以来我们党团结带领全国各族人民开辟的中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度、文化是完全正确的，形成的党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略是完全正确的。

习近平强调，40年的实践充分证明，中国发展为广大发展中国家走向现代化提供了成功经验、展现了光明前景，是促进世界和平与发展的强大力量，是中华民族对人类文明进步作出的重大贡献。

习近平强调，40年的实践充分证明，改革开放是党和人民大踏步赶上时代的重要法宝，是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路，是决定当代中国命运的关键一招，也是决定实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键一招。

习近平强调，我们党作出实行改革开放的历史性决策，是基于对党和国家前途命运的深刻把握，是基于对社会主义革命和建设实践的深刻总结，是基于对时代潮流的深刻洞察，是基于对人民群众期盼和需要的深刻体悟。改革开放是我们党的一次伟大觉醒，正是这个伟大觉醒孕育了我们党从理论到实践的伟大创造。改革开放是中国人民和中华民族发展史，上一次伟大革命，正是这个伟大革命推动了中国特色社会主义事业的伟大飞跃。

习近平指出，建立中国共产党、成立中华人民共和国、推进改革开放和中国特色社会主义事业，是五四运动以来我国发生的三大历史性事件，是近代以来实现中华民族伟大复兴的三大里程碑。以毛泽东同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，完成了新民主主义革命，建立了中华人民共和国，为当代中国一切发展进步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础。以邓小平同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，作出把党和国家工作中心转移到经济建设上来、实行改革开放的历史性决策，成功开创了中国特色社会主义。以江泽民同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，确立了社会主义市场经济体制的改革目标和基本框架，开创全面改革开放新局面，成功把中国特色社会主义推向21世纪。以胡锦涛同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，强调坚持以人为本、全面协调可持续发展，推进党的执政能力建设和先进性建设，成功在新的历史起点上坚持和发展了中国特色社会主义。

习近平强调，党的十八大以来，党中央团结带领全党全国各族人民，全面审视国际国内新的形势，通过总结实践、展望未来，深刻回答了新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义、怎样坚持和发展中国特色社会主义这个重大时代课题，形成了新时代中国特色社会主义思想，坚持统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，对党和国家各方面工作提出一系列新理念新思想新战略，推动党和国家事业发生历史性变革、取得历史性成就，中国特色社会主义进入了新时代。

习近平指出，艰难困苦，玉汝于成。40年来，我们解放思想、实事求是，大胆地试、勇敢地改，干出了一片新天地。改革开放40年来，从开启新时期到跨入新世纪，从站上新起点到进入新时代，40年风雨同舟，40年披荆斩棘，40年砥砺奋进，我们党引领人民绘就了一幅波澜壮阔、气势恢宏的历史画卷，谱写了一曲感天动地、气壮山河的奋斗赞歌。

習近平从理论创新、经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设、国防和军队建设、祖国统一、外交工作、党的建设等方面总结了改革开放的伟大成就。他强调，40年来取得的成就不是天上掉下来的，更不是别人恩赐施舍的，而是全党全国各族人民用勤劳、智慧、勇气干出来的。我们用几十年时间走完了发达国家几百年走过的工业化历程。在中国人民手中，不可能成为了可能。我们为创造了人间奇迹的中国人民感到无比自豪、无比骄傲。

习近平指出，改革开放40年积累的宝贵经验是党和人民弥足珍贵的精神财富，对新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义有着极为重要的指导意义，必须倍加珍惜、长期坚持，在实践中不断丰富和发展。一是必须坚持党对一切工作的领导，不断加强和改善党的领导，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”，坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，确保改革开放这艘航船沿着正确航向破浪前行。二是必须坚持以人民为中心，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往，顺应民心、尊重民意、关注民情、致力民生，让人民共享改革开放成果，激励人民更加自觉地投身改革开放和社会主义现代化建设事业。三是必须坚持马克思主义指导地位，不断推进实践基础上的理论创新，及时回答时代之问、人民之问，不断开辟马克思主义发展新境界。四是必须坚持走中国特色社会主义道路，不断坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，牢牢把握改革开放的前进方向。五是必须坚持完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，不断发挥和增强我国制度优势，推动中国特色社会主义制度更加成熟更加定型。六是必须坚持以发展为第一要务，不断增强我国综合国力，推动经济社会持续健康发展，为坚持和发展中国特色社会主义、实现中华民族伟大复兴奠定雄厚物质基础。七是必须坚持扩大开放，不断推动共建人类命运共同体，高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜，维护国际公平正义，倡导国际关系民主化，积极参与全球治理体系改革和建设，促进贸易投资自由化便利化。八是必须坚持全面从严治党，不断提高党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力，不断增强党的政治领导力、思想引领力、群众组织力、社会号召力，坚决清除一切腐败分子，确保党始终保持同人民群众的血肉联系。九是必须坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义世界观和方法论，坚持问题导向，正确处理改革发展稳定关系，既鼓励大胆试、大胆闯，又坚持实事求是、善作善成，确保改革开放行稳致远。

习近平强调，我们要全面贯彻新时代党的强军思想，坚持党对军队的绝对领导，坚持走中国特色强军之路，全面深化国防和军队改革，建设一支听党指挥、能打胜仗、作风优良的人民军队，努力建设世界一流军队，为维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，为维护世界和平稳定，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供坚强后盾。

習近平指出，我们要全面准确贯彻“一国两制”“港人治港”“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，严格按照宪法和基本法办事，支持和推动香港、澳门更好融入国家发展大局，让香港、澳门同胞同祖国人民共担民族复兴的历史责任、共享祖国繁荣富强的伟大荣光。实现祖国完全统一，是全体中华儿女共同心愿，是中华民族根本利益所在。我们要坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，巩固和发展两岸关系和平发展的基础，深化两岸经济文化交流合作，造福两岸同胞。

习近平强调，伟大梦想不是等得来、喊得来的，而是拼出来、干出来的。我们现在所处的，是一个船到中流浪更急、人到半山路更陡的时候，是一个愈进愈难、愈进愈险而又不进则退、非进不可的时候。改革开放已走过千山万水，但仍需跋山涉水，摆在全党全国各族人民面前的使命更光荣、任务更艰巨、挑战更严峻、工作更伟大。在这个千帆竞发、百舸争流的时代，我们绝不能有半点骄傲自满、固步自封，也绝不能有丝毫犹豫不决、徘徊彷徨，必须统揽伟大斗争、伟大工程、伟大事业、伟大梦想，勇立潮头、奋勇搏击。

习近平指出，在近代以来漫长的历史进程中，中国人民经历了太多太多的磨难，付出了太多太多的牺牲，进行了太多太多的拼搏。现在，中国人民和中华民族在历史进程中积累的强大能量已经充分爆发出来了，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供了势不可挡的磅礴力量。全党全国各族人民要更加紧密地团结在党中央周围，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，不忘初心，牢记使命，将改革开放进行到底，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往，在新时代创造中华民族新的更大奇迹，创造让世界刮目相看的新的更大奇迹。

Highlights of Xi's speech at a conference celebrating 40 years of reform and opening-up

China held a grand gathering in Beijing on December 18， 2018， to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the country's reform and opening-up， a great revolution that has changed the destiny of the Chinese nation and also influenced the world.

President Xi Jinping delivers a speech at the conference. Here are the highlights：

Reform and opening-up a great revolution

The reform and opening-up is a great revolution in the history of theChinese people and the Chinese nation， said Xi.

It is the great revolution that propelled a quantum leap forward in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics， Xi said.

Xi also said the reform and opening-up is a great reawakening of theCommunist Party of China， nurturing great creativity in both theory and practice for the CPC.

Reform， opening-up' milestone" in Chinese national rejuvenation

Xi called the pursuit of reform and opening-up and socialism with Chinese characteristics a milestone in realizing the Chinese nation’s rejuvenation.

The founding of the Communist Party ofChina and the founding of the People's Republic of China were also the milestones on the way toward the great national rejuvenation in the modern times， Xi said.

They represented three historic events taking place after the May Fourth Movement in 1919， according to Xi.

China keeps improving people's well-being over the past 40 years

China has lifted 740 million people out of poverty in the 40 years， reducing the poverty headcount ratio by 94.4 percentage points， Xi said.

The nation has built the world's largest social security system， with the basic old- -age pension covering more than 900 million people and medical insurance covering over 1.3 billion people， Xi said.

The ratio of permanent urban residents in total population rose 40.6 percentage points to58.52 percent during the period， he said.

The country has maintained its social stability over a long period， making it one of the countries that provide the greatest sense of safety in the world， Xi said.

China has bid farewell to the problemsthat plagued its people for thousands of years， including hunger， shortage and poverty， Xi said.China's development promotes world peace， development

China's development over the past 40 years has effectively served the cause of world peace and development， Xi said.

China's development has provided successful experience and offered a bright prospect for other developing countries as they strive for modemization， representing a great contribution of the Chinese nation to the progress of human civilization， Xi said.

Xi underscores Party leadership over all work

Xi stressed the Party's leadership over all work while calling for constantly enhancing and improving the Party's way of leadership.

The reform and opening-up in the past four decades has shown that leadership of the Party is the most essential attribute of socialism withChinese characteristics， and the greatest strength of this system， Xi said.

It is by upholding the centralized， unified leadership of the Party that we have been able to achieve the historic transformation， usher in a new era of reform and opening-up， and embark on a new journey of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation， he said.

On the question of ensuring leadership by the Party， a fundamental principle that bears on the future of the Party and the country， all Party members and all the people must maintain a high degree of self -consciousness in terms of thinking， political orientation， and actions， Xi said.

No success of reform and opening-up comes easily. In the years to come， risks and challenges of all sorts are inevitable， he said.

The Party must guide the overall situation and coordinate the work of all sides， remain committed to practicing scientific， democratic， and law-basedgoverance... and see that China's ship of reform and opening up will break waves and sail on the right course， Xi said.

Xi calls for continuous efforts to deliver on people's aspirations for better life

The people- oriented approach must be adhered to and efforts should be made to keep delivering on the people's aspirations for a better life， Xi said.

The practices over the past 40 years have shown that seeking happiness for the Chinese people and striving for rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the founding aspiration and mission of the Communist Party of China， and those of the reform and opening-up endeavor， Xi said.

In considering and introducing a policy， we must first and foremostensure the backing， approval and endorsement of the people， he said.

The wishes the people express， the best practices they create， the rights they are entitled to and the role they play must be respected， said Xi， who demanded efforts to fully stimulate and unlock the people's creativity.

What has been achieved in economic， political， cultural， social and ecological fields must be shared among all the people， Xi said， stressing it must be ensured that the people have a stronger sense of fulfillment and greater happiness， and feel safer and more secure in a more direct and tangible manner.

Xi stresses upholding Marxism， advancing theories

The practices over the past 40 years have shown that innovation is the lifeline of reform and opening-up， Xi said.

Xi called for efforts to base the Party's theory on reality and "answer the questions of our times and of the people' in a timely manner.

"We must update and popularize Marxism in the context of a modem day China， and make new breakthroughs in developing Marxism，" Xi said.

Xi urges enhancing China's composite strength

Xi called for continued efforts to take development as the top priority and enhance China's composite national strength.

Xi demands improving system of socialism with Chinese characteristics

Continued efforts should be made to improve and develop the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics to harass and enhance the advantages of China's system， Xi said.

As the reform and opening- -up in the past four decades has shown， the system is of fundamental and overarching significance for the long-termstablity and development of all endeavors of the Party and the country， said Xi.

Xi also stressed that China should step up the building of a set of institutions that are well conceived， procedure -based and efficiently functioning to secure a more mature and established system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

China vows to open up wider to the world

Xi underlined China's commitment to opening up wider to the world and promoting joint efforts to build a community with a shared future forhumanity.

The practice of reform and opening-up over the past 40 years has shown that openness brings progress， while seclusion leads to backwardness， Xi said.

China cannot develop itself in isolation from the world， and the world needs China for global prosperity， Xi said.

“Bearing in mind China's intimal and intonational imperatives， we have stayed committed to the fundamental national policy of opening-up， followed a proactive approach to opening up， and entered anew stage of comprehensive， multi- -level and wide- -ranging opening-up， thus creating a sound intonational environment and broader development space for China，" he said.

Xi orders full， rigorous Party governance

Continued efforts should be made to exercise full and rigorous governance over the Communist Party of China to strengthen its capacity to innovate， power to unite， and energy to fight， said Xi.

Xi stresses adhering to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics

All the theories and practice of the Communist Party of China in the past40 years of reform and opening-up are based on the theme of up holding and advancing socialism with Chinese characteristics， he said.

There is no textbook of golden rules to follow for reform and development in China， a countrywith over 5，000 years of civilization and morethan 1.3 billion people， Xi said.

"No one is in a position to dictate to theChinese people what should or should not be done，" he said.

Socialism with Chinese characteristics provides a broad pathway for China to advance with the times and steer the course of development today， Xi said.

"We will resolutely reform what should and can be reformed， and make no change where there should not and cannot be any reform，" he said.

Xi stresses striking balance between reform， development， stability

Xi stressed striking a balance between reform， development and stability by maintaining the worldview and methodology of dialectical and historical materialism.

Reform and opening-up remains norm throughout China's history

A review of the past several thousand years shows that reform and opening-up remains the norm throughout China's history， Xi said.

Since ancient times， China has seen numerous movements aimed at strengthening the nation through reform， and the Chinese nation has engaged in interactions and cultural exchanges with foreign nations in a confidentand broad-minded manner， Xi said.

Such profound historical and cultural heritage has dictated that the Chinese nation will continue to embrace the future through reform and opening-up， according toXi.

（ source： China Daily ）

Xi's remarks on 40 years of reform and opening-up

President Xi Jinping delivered a speech at a grand gathering to mark the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up on December 18，2018. Here are some of the motivating remarks in his speech.

What we have achieved in the past 40 years is nota godsend， still less a giftfrom others. It comes from the hard work， wisdom and courage of all members of the Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China.

40年来取得的成就不是天上掉下来的，更不是别人恩赐施舍的，而是全党全国各族人民用勤劳、智慧、勇气干出来的！

In considering and introducing a policy， we must first and foremostensure the backing， approval and endorsement of the people. We must act in line with our people' S aspirations， respect their views and ideas， care about their worries and concerns and commit to improving their livelihood.

坚持把人民拥护不拥护、赞成不赞成、高兴不高兴作为制定政策的依据，顺应民心、尊重民意、关注民情、致力民生。

With firm political resolve and strong capability to uphold national sovereignty and territorial integrity， we will never allow any of our sacred territory， not even an inch， to be separated from the motherland！

我们有坚定的政治决心和强大能力维护国家主权和领土完整，祖国的神圣领土一寸都不能分裂出去！

We will stay committed to there form and opening- -up and see that our people realize their aspirations for a better life. In this way， we will create new and even greater miracles of the Chinese nation in the new era， miracles that will truly impress the world！

将改革开放进行到底，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往，在新时代创造中华民族新的更大奇迹！创造让世界刮目相看的新的更大奇迹！

Conviction， commitment and confidence matter at all times. With these traits， an individual， a group or a political party， a people， or even a country， would always emerge stronger from setbacks; without them， one would easily give up and lose the courage to fight.

信仰、信念、信心，任何时候都至关重要。小到一个人、一个集体，大到一个政党、一个民族、一个国家，只要有信仰、信念、信心，就会愈挫愈奮、愈战愈勇，否则就会不战自败、不打自垮。

Turning China into a great modemsocialist country and achieving national rejuvenation is like a relay race， in which the baton is passed on fromgeneration to generation. Every generation must strive for a goodscore for the sake of future ones.

建设社会主义现代化强国，实现中华民族伟大复兴，是一场接力跑，我们要一棒接着一棒跑下去，每一代人都要为下一代人跑出一个好成绩。

We are now in a state very muchlike sailing to the midstream of a river or climbing halfway up a mountain， as the goings get tough， we must press ahead and there' S no turning back.

我们现在所处的，是一个船到中流浪更急、人到半山路更陡的时候，是一个愈进愈难而不进则退、非进不可的时候。