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Module 2 The Renaissance

2019-09-03

时代英语·高三 2019年4期
关键词:责备及物动词坏事

词汇短语园地

1. appeal   v.   恳求;呼吁

搭配:

(1) appeal to sb (for sth) (为某事)呼吁/恳请某人

He appealed to his friends for help.

他向朋友们请求帮助。

(2) appeal to sb to do sth   呼吁/恳请某人做某事

The police appealed to the crowd to keep calm.

警察呼吁群众保持冷静。

(1) appeal   v.   上诉;有吸引力

搭配:

appeal against sth   不服某事而上诉

He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.

他对被判五年有期徒刑提出上诉。

appeal to sb   迎合某人的爱好;吸引某人

The idea appealed to Mary.

这主意正合玛丽的心意。

(2) appeal   n.   呼吁,恳求;上诉;吸引力

The country has made an appeal for help to the world.

那个国家向世界求助。

The new fashion soon lost its appeal.

这种新潮流很快就失去了吸引力。

2. loss   n.   丢失;丧失

The loss of her purse caused her much inconvenience.

丢失钱包给她带来了诸多不便。

The loss of income for the government is about $250 million a month.

政府收入每月减少大概2.5亿美元。

3. seek   v.   寻找;寻求

We sought (for) an answer to the question, but couldnt find one.

我们寻求这个问题的答案,可是没能找到。

Most men seek wealth; all men seek happiness.

大多数人寻求财富,每个人都追求幸福。

seek advice/help/permission   征求建议/寻求帮助/征求同意

seek fame   追求名利

seek ones fortune   尋找致富(或成功)的机会

seek for/after   寻求;追求

seek sth from sb   向某人寻求某物

seek to do sth   试图做某事

辨析:

比较seek,find和search

(1) seek“寻找;探索”,一般用于抽象意义,有时也表示渴望得到某一具体的东西,是比较正式的书面用语。它既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词,作不及物动词表“寻找;探索”时,既可接after也可接for。

(2) find“找到”,强调“寻找”的结果。

(3) search“搜寻;搜查”,后接要搜查的场所;后接人时指“搜身”。

4. blame   n.  (对错事或坏事应付的)责任

搭配:

(1) accept/bear/take the blame for sth   对某事负责任

You must bear the blame for the accident.

你必须承担造成这次事故的责任。

We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.

我们愿对所发生的事负责。

(2) put/lay the blame on sb   (将某事)归咎于某人

Shell put the blame on us if it turns out badly.

如果结果糟糕,她将会怪罪于我们。

He is trying to lay the blame on me.

他企图把责任推给我。

blame   v.   责备;指责;把……归咎于

搭配:

(1) blame sb for sth/doing sth   为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事

Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.

许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误受到责备。

He blamed his teachers for his failure.

他把自己的失败归咎于他的老师。

(2) blame sth on sb   把某事归咎于某人

The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.

警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。

Its no use blaming our defeat on him.

把我們的失败归罪在他头上是没用的。

(3) be to blame (for sth)   (对坏事)负有责任

注意:此处不能用被动语态。

The children were not to blame for the accident.

那次事故怪不着孩子们。

He is more to blame than you.

是他更应受责备,而不是你。

Who is to blame for starting the fire?

这场火灾该由谁负责?

5. leave for   出发去某地

(1)“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”

Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.

下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦。

He left for the front two weeks ago.

两星期前,他出发去了前线。

(2)“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”

Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?

你为什么要离开上海去北京?

6. lead to  导致,通向,通往

All roads lead to Rome.

条条道路通罗马。

Under given conditions, a bad thing can lead to good results.

在一定条件下,一件坏事可以导致好的结果。

An ordinary cold can soon lead to a fever.

一场普通的感冒很快便会引起高烧。

辨析:

比较lead to 和result in

Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.

This investment program will lead to the creation of new jobs.

从以上句子可以看到,lead to的主语(即引起事情发生的主动方)多是一个动态的动作或计划,其宾语(即被引起的事情)无严格的消极与积极之分,而且多用于描述客观的可能性和对未来的预测。

The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.

These policies resulted in many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship.

从以上句子可以看到,result in的主语多是静态、客观的一件事或物,其宾语通常是不良或消极的结果,而且多用于描述已经发生的事件。

7. take up   从事,开始做(某项工作)

After he retired from office, Rogers took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.

罗杰斯退休以后开始画画,但没多久就失去兴趣了。

He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English.

他开始学习英语之前已经学了一年半日语。

We took up physical chemistry at college.

在大学我们选学了物理化学课。

The scientist has taken up a new subject.

这位科学家已经开始研究一个新的课题。

(1) take up (time/space)   占用(时间)/占据(空间)

That big table takes up too much room.

那张大桌子占的地方太大了。

Learning English takes up a lot of my time.

学英语占了我许多时间。

That boy took my time up with his questions.

那个男孩的问题浪费了我的时间。

(2) take up   继续;接着讲

We took up our journey the next day.

第二天我们继续赶路。

This chapter takes up where the last one left off.

本章继续上一章谈到的内容。

(3) take up   接纳(乘客等);接受(挑战、建议、条件等)

The bus stopped to take up passengers.

公共汽车停下来让乘客上车。

He has taken up the bet.

他已接受打赌的条件。

(4) take up   提出(商讨),讨论

Theres another matter which we ought to take up.

还有一件事我们要提出来商量。

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