韶关市献血人群人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒的感染分布情况调查与分析
2019-08-27林奕斌霍宝锋冯矞
林奕斌 霍宝锋 冯矞

【摘要】 目的:探讨韶关市献血人群人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(HTLV)感染分布情况。方法:选取2018年2-11月于本血站经筛查合格的无偿献血者标本29 418份,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定,对于初筛为有反应性(s/co≥1)的无偿献血者标本,再采用免疫印迹法(WB)及核酸试验(PCR)进一步确认。结果:29 418名献血者中本地献血者占93.603%(27 536/29 418),外地流动人口占6.397%(1 882/29 418);29 418份标本中经ELISA法初筛发现反应性标本量为4份,占0.014%(4/29 418),而经WB法及PCR法检测结果1份为阳性,阳性率为0.003%(1/29 418)。本研究调查样本来自各行各业,其中献血人群主体来自农民和工人,其次为自由职业者及学生。结论:韶关市29 418名无偿献血者中发现1名HTLV感染,从安全输血角度综合分析,为了确保输血安全,应对献血者行HTLV筛查。
【关键词】 人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒; 献血人群; 感染分布; 筛查; 阳性率
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the distribution of human T-cell lymphocyte virus(HTLV)infection distribution in blood donors in Shaoguan City.Method:29 418 cases of unpaid blood donors who were screened at the blood station from February to November 2018 were selected and tested by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Specimens reactive for primary screening(s/co≥1)were further confirmed by western blotting(WB)and nucleic acid assay(PCR).Result:Among the 29 418 blood donors,local blood donors accounted for 93.603%(27 536/29 418),and the floating population accounted for 6.397%(1 882/29 418).Among the 29 418 cases,4 cases were reactive by ELISA,accounting for 0.014%(4/29 418),and the results for these cases were positive by WB and PCR in one case with a positive rate of 0.003%(1/29 418).The cases of this study were from all walks of life,with farmers and workers dominating,followed by freelancers and students.Conclusion:There is one case of HTLV infection in the 29 418 unpaid blood donors in Shaoguan City,for the perspective of safe blood transfusion,HTLV screening should be conducted for blood donors to ensure the safety of blood transfusion.
【Key words】 Human T-cell lymphotropic virus; Blood donors; Infection distribution; Screening;Positive rate
First-authors address:The Central Blood Station of Shaoguan,Shaoguan 512026,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.14.016
人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(HTLV)是一种RNA肿瘤病毒亚科,属于逆转录病毒科,可分为Ⅰ型(HTLV-Ⅰ)与Ⅱ型(HTLV-Ⅱ)两种类型,前者的传播途径主要包括注射、输血、性传播等,还包括哺乳、胎盘、产道等[1-3]。人体感染HTLV将长期存在,潜伏期可>20年,还可能引发热带痉挛型下肢截瘫、T淋巴细胞白血病等疾病,且尚无治疗及预防该疾病的药物[4-5]。因此,广泛关注HTLV的流行情况具有重要意义。为进一步了解韶关市献血人群HTLV感染分布情況,本研究于2018年2-11月对献血人群的HTLV进行监测。现报道如下。
1 对象与方法
1.1 对象 选取2018年2-11月于本血站经筛查合格的无偿献血者标本29 418份。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 仪器与试剂 选用瑞士HAMILTON公司生产的型号为Microlab STAR全自动加样系统及Microlab FAME全自动酶免处理系统。采……
