王佳宁 邹春颖 侯亚娟 周泓宇 王天枢 解云川 翟饶生 李荣锐

【摘 要】“健康中国”战略的提出要求提高整体民众的卫生保健意识，提高医学界整体的服务数量和质量，提高医学教育界的培养数量和质量。城市社区医学徒的培养是实现“健康中国”战略的有益尝试。通过政府、医院、学校、社区、企业多方面的配合和联动，通过政府制度建设，医院人才选拔、导师社区培养等一系列过程，有医学天赋的社区青少年儿童将得到很好的发掘和培养，有志于培养下一代医学人才的医界精英则将得到对社区医学徒进行人力资本投资的未来收益。这一制度和试点无论在供给侧还是在需求侧都有着现实可行性，在促进“健康社区”的基础上促进“健康中国”，前景较好。

【Abstract】The "healthy China" strategy calls for improving the health care awareness of the general public， improving the quantity and quality of medical services as a whole， and improving the quantity and quality of medical education. The cultivation of urban community medical apprentices is a beneficial attempt to realize the strategy of "healthy China". Through the cooperation and linkage of government， hospital， school， community and enterprise， through the construction of the government system， hospital personnel selection， mentor community development and a series of process， the community teenagers and children with medical talent will be well explored and cultivated， and the medical elites who are interested in cultivating the next generation of medical talents will get future income from human capital investment for community medical practitioners. This system and pilot are feasible on both the supply side and the demand side. It is promising to promote "healthy China" on the basis of promoting "healthy communities".

【关键词】社区医学徒;社区导师;学徒制;健康中国;医学教育

【Keywords】community medical apprentices; community tutor; apprenticeship; healthy China; medical education

【中图分类号】G760                                            【文献标志码】A                                【文章编号】1673-1069（2019）05-0123-04

1 引言

“有啥别有病”，中国人这句口头语诙谐地揭示出医疗和健康在人类生存和发展中的重要作用。但尽管现代医学发展迅速，“看病难”和“看病贵”却仍像毒瘤一样植根于中国这个超级人口大国。部分医院医生高度紧张的工作压力导致的严重的医患矛盾、医学生大面积的“就业难”和“实习难”的怪象、民众嘴上喊着“有啥别有病”，却“忌医”“讳医”，长期地“满足于”自己的“不健康”或“亚健康”，这些都影响着“健康中国”宏伟战略的实现。而在城市社区培养社区医学徒，建立一个从政府到医院、到社区、到家庭的系……