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激光治疗雄激素性秃发研究进展

2019-07-13张雪文君杨凯白妍双

中国美容医学 2019年7期

张雪文君 杨凯 白妍双

[摘要]雄激素性秃发(androgenetic alopecia,AGA)是一种雄激素依赖的常染色体显性遗传的多基因疾病,近些年,激光、微针等非手术疗法在脱发治疗中安全性、有效性、耐受性高等优势愈发受到人们的重视,且在临床试验中显现出相对确切的疗效。本文概述近些年低级别光疗、剥脱性点阵激光或非剥脱性点阵激光联合生长因子在雄激素性秃发治疗中的临床应用、作用机制和疗效。

[关键词]雄激素性秃发;脱发;激光疗法;点阵激光;生长因子

[中图分类号]R758.71    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455(2019)07-0158-05

Research Progress of Laser in the Treatment of Androgenic Alopecia

ZHANG Xue wen-jun1,YANG Kai2,BAI Yan-shuang2,LIN Jin-ran1,WU Wen-yu1,2

(1.Department of Dermatology,Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University Shanghai 200040,China;2. Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200040,China)

Abstract: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is an androgen-dependent autosomal dominant inherited polygenic disorder. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the advantages of laser, microneedling and other non-surgical therapies in the treatment of alopecia, such as safety, effectiveness, high tolerance and so on. This article summarizes the clinical application, mechanism and effect of low level laser therapy, ablative fractional laser or nonablative fractional laser combined with growth factors in the treatment of androgen alopecia areata in recent years.

Key words: androgenetic alopecia; pattern hair loss; laser therapy; fractional photothermolysis; growth factor

雄激素性禿发(AGA)主要表现为头发毛囊生长期的缩短与终端头发毛囊的微型化。目前,治疗AGA的方法众多,分为药物和非药物两大类。药物治疗包括:5-α还原酶抑制剂(如非那雄胺)、雄激素受体阻滞剂(如醋酸环丙孕酮、螺内酯)、前列素类药物(如拉坦前列素)、米诺地尔,富含血小板血浆(Platelet-rich plasma, PRP)及植物提取物等。近年来,除药物治疗外,各种非手术治疗方式如:激光治疗(如HairMax激光生发梳)、微针治疗等手段为AGA临床治疗打开了新思路,本文就激光治疗雄激素性秃发的研究进展综述如下。

1  激光治疗

1964年,匈牙利医生Mester使用低强度红宝石激光(694nm)照射治疗癌症小鼠时偶然发现了激光对头发的促生长作用[1],其后随着大量实验室及临床研究成果的发掘,鉴于其微创性、疗效确切、不良反应轻以及恢复时间短等优势,使其有望成为防治脱发的重要方法。近年来,快速发展的点阵激光皮肤美容治疗技术更是为脱发治疗打开了新的视角。……

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