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美国计算机专业研究生教育特点与启示

2019-07-08郑丽萍邓淼磊

软件导刊 2019年6期

郑丽萍 邓淼磊

摘 要:为满足社会对高层次计算机人才的需求,对美国大学计算机研究生教育培养模式、必修和选修课程设置及课堂实施过程进行分析,并以河南工业大学计算机科学与技术专业研究生课程设置为例,介绍我国应用型大学计算机专业研究生课程设置情况。对比中美计算机研究生教育特点,提出我国计算机研究生教育应该在交叉学科协同培养模式下,增加跨专业选修课程,实施“以学生为中心”的课堂教学。这将有利于增强学生创新能力、科研能力及应用能力,提高我国计算机专业研究生培养质量。

关键词:协同培养;选修课程;交叉学科;研究生教育

DOI:10. 11907/rjdk. 182635

中图分类号:G434

文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-7800(2019)006-0204-03

Abstract: In order to meet the needs for high-level computer talents in enterprises and institutions in China, this paper analyses the training mode of computer postgraduate education in American universities, the necessary courses and elective courses setting, and the implementation process in class. At the same time, taking the curriculum of computer science and Technology Postgraduates of Henan University of Technology as an example, this paper introduces the curriculum of computer science postgraduates of Applied Universities in China. Through comparing the characteristics of computer postgraduate education between China and the United States, this paper finally proposes that computer postgraduates in China should increase the curriculum of cross-disciplinary elective courses under the mode of interdisciplinary collaborative training, and carry out the “student-centered” teaching in class. This will help to improve students' innovative ability, tap the scientific research and application ability on computer postgraduates in interdisciplinary disciplines, and ultimately improve the quality of training computer postgraduates in China.

Key Words: collaborative training; elective courses; interdisciplinary; student centered

0 引言

計算机专业研究生教育与计算机本科生教育最大的区别是更倾向于提高学生发现问题、探究问题、解决问题的能力。为了满足各行各业对计算机高层次人才的需求,计算机研究生教育应更注重学生的实践能力和创新能力培养,注重学生在学习过程中的主体性、参与性和探究性。目前,我国计算机专业研究生教育与发达国家存在一定差距,我国研究生的实践动手能力和创新能力有待提高。李志欣等[1]指出了我国计算机研究生在创新意识、创新思维和创新实践中存在的问题;高超等[2]针对计算机研究生创新素质、创新评价和创新方法方面存在的问题,提出了改进措施;傅彦等[3]从研究生教学、研究、竞赛、实践和合作……

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