添加益生元的混合食品对血糖生成指数和血糖负荷的影响
2019-07-06陈超刚林秀红何凤怡陆嘉晖袁智敏梁平
陈超刚?林秀红?何凤怡?陆嘉晖?袁智敏?梁平
【摘要】目的 分別检测添加益生元和未添加益生元的谷物坚果混合食品的血糖生成指数(GI)和血糖负荷(GL),分析添加益生元对GI和GL的影响。方法 选取12名健康志愿者,于不同时间进食含有效碳水化合物25 g的葡萄糖粉、益生元谷物坚果混合食品(植物益生元八珍)、谷物坚果混合食品(传统八珍)和早餐米粉等4种食物,检测进食前和进食后15、30、45、60、90及120 min血糖。根据Wolever法计算GI 值,按Salmeron公式计算GL值。结果 植物益生元八珍的GI为28.73(19.43,35.69)、GL为14.06±5.48,传统八珍GI为43.15(32.89,44.68)、GL为13.53±4.35,某品牌早餐米粉GI为60.64(44.44,58.51),GL为18.60±8.84。3种食物的GI及GL与葡萄糖比较差异均有统计学意义(P均< 0.05或0.008)。其中2种谷物坚果混合食品的GI均低于早餐米粉,植物益生元八珍GI低于传统八珍(P均< 0.008);3种食物间的GL比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。12名受试者在进食葡萄糖或米粉后,餐后血糖在30 min达到高峰,但进食植物益生元八珍和传统八珍在45 min达到高峰,而且血糖曲线比葡萄糖和米粉更为平稳,峰值更低。结论 谷物坚果混合食品均为低GI 和中等偏低GL食物,添加益生元有利于降低GI、维持餐后血糖稳态。
【关键词】血糖生成指数;血糖负荷;益生元
Effect of adding prebiotics to mixed foods on glycemic index and glycemic load Chen Chaogang, Lin Xiuhong, He Fengyi, Lu Jiahui, Yuan Zhimin, Liang Ping. Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
Corresponding author, Lin Xiuhong, E-mail: biffi_18@ 126. com
【Abstract】Objective The glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of cereals-and-nuts mixed foods with and without prebiotics (PCNMF and CNMF) were tested, aiming to evaluate the effect of adding prebiotics to mixed foods on GI and GL. Methods Twelve healthy volunteers were recruited and asked to consume 25 g glucose, 37.5 g PCNMF, 44 g CNMF and 32 g rice noodle at different time points, which all contained 25 g of available carbohydrate portions. The blood glucose levels were determined before (fasting glucose) and at different points (15-, 30-, 45-, 60-, 90- and 120 min) after consumption. The GL value was obtained according to the formula by Salmeron.Results The GI and GL of PCNMF were 28.73 (19.43-35.69) and (14.06±5.48), 43.15(32.89-44.68) and (13.53± 4.35) for CNMF, and 60.64(44.44-58.51) and (18.60±8.84) for rice noodle, respectively. The GI and GL significantly differed among three types of food (all P < 0.05 or 0.008). The GI values of PCNMF and CNMF were significantly lower than that of rice noodle, and GI of PCNMF was remarkably lower than that of CNMF (all P < 0.008). There was no significant difference in GL among different categories of food (P > 0.05). For 12 subjects, the postprandial blood glucose level peaked at 30 min after the consumption of glucose or rice noodle, whereas it reached the highest point at 45 min after intake of PCNMF and CNMF. Besides, the blood glucose curve of them was more stable and the peak value was lower compared with those of glucose and rice noodle. Conclusions PCNMF and CNMF are both low-GI and moderate-to-low-GL food. Supplement of probiotics contributes to lowering GI and maintaining the homeostasis of postprandial blood glucose level.
【Key words】Glycemic index;Glycemic load;Prebiotics
食物血糖生成指数(GI)是近年来国内外糖尿病营养教育中应用的一个重要概念,它是食物中碳水化合物餐后血糖应答水平的特征性指数,反映的是碳水化合物的“质”。一般以葡萄糖粉为标准参照物(GI = 100),GI超过70的食物为高GI 食物,GI 在55 ~ 70为中GI 食物,低于55为低GI 食物。膳食血糖负荷(GL)是食物GI值与可利用碳水化合物量的乘积,即全天膳食GL =Σ(食物GI×全天从该食物中获得的碳水化合物的量),反映的是碳水化合物的“质”和“量”,因此更能全面评估日常膳食的血糖效应。……
