江苏河海大学 鲍树银

海词积累

1.sneer（Para.1）v.嘲笑；讥讽

Shesneeredat Tom's musical tastes.

她嘲笑汤姆的音乐品位。

2.saccharine（Para.1）adj.故作多情的

I hated the movie'ssaccharineending.

我讨厌这部影片煽情的结尾。

3.chauffeur（Para.1）n.（受雇为他人开车的）司机

He employs two house maids and achauffeur.

他雇用了两个保姆和一个司机。

4.beholder（Para.2）n.观看者

Beauty is in the eye of thebeholder.

美是个人的主观感受。

5.spotty（Para.3）adj.（质量）有好有坏的；参差不齐的

His attendance record wasspotty.

他的出勤记录时好时差。

6.bias（Para.3）n.偏见；偏好

She showed abiastowards science at an early age.

她在少年时就显示出对科学的偏爱。

7.proxy（Para.3）n.代替物；指标

The number of patients on a doctor's list was seen as a goodproxyfor assessing how hard they work.

医生的病人数被看作是衡量他们工作努力程度的可靠指标。

8.tally（Para.3）n.记录

They do not keep atallyof visitors to the palace,but it is very popular.

他们没有对来宫殿的游客做一个记录，不过这个地方非常受欢迎。

9.nominee（Para.4）n.被提名人

Hisnomineefor vice president was elected only after a second ballot.

他提名的副总统在第二轮投票后才当选。

10.statistical（Para.4）adj.统计的;统计学的

The report contains a great deal ofstatisticalinformation.

该报告包含大量统计资料。

11.advent（Para.5）n.出现

Theadventof the computer has brought this sort of task within the bounds of possibility.

电脑的出现使这种任务在可能的范围内。

12.sequel（Para.5）n.（书、电影、戏剧等的）续集；续篇

She is currently writing asequelto Daphne du Maurier's Rebecca.

她目前正在写达夫妮·杜穆里埃的《蝴蝶梦》续集。

13.snub（Para.5）v.冷落；怠慢；对……不予理睬

the boys who hadsnubbedher in high school

在中学里曾经冷落她的那些男孩

Green Book? Criticssneeredwhen Academy Award voters named thissaccharinetale of a friendship between a black pianist and his white,tough-guychauffeurthe Best Picture of 2018.Yet rather than being a rare injustice,the award reinforced（强化）a trend.The top Oscar has increasingly gone to films that are soon forgotten.

A film's quality is in the eye of thebeholder. Its influence,however, can be measured more objectively.IMDb,a crowdsourced onlinedatabase,containsalistof references to every film in subsequent（随后的）films and TV shows.For example,Casablanca has over 1,600 references, including a discussion in When Harry Met Sally and a poster in True Romance.

The data arespotty:Films from the 1980s get four times as many references as those from the 1940s.However,the samebiasis likely to apply to all films made in a given year.So a roughproxyfor a movie's cultural influence is to count how many times it was referred to in subsequent years,and then compare itstallywith those of all other films made in the same year.

Decades ago,Best Picturenomineeswere regularly among the most influential films.Fully 68%of references to films made in 1939 are to Gone with the Wind (a winner)and The Wizard of Oz (nominated).Astatisticalmodel shows that in the 1950s,Best Picture winners had a 20%chance of being the most-referred-to film.

①That changed with theadventof Star Wars,summer blockbusters（非常成功的书或电影）andsequels.②Since the 1970s the films most referred to have been commercialflicks.③Oscar voters usually reject such movies;the ones they do like have become commercially less successful,and thus less culturallyrelevant.④Best Picture winners today just have a 2%chance of leading the references table.⑤BysnubbingBlack Panther(which already has 151 references)and the art film Roma,this year's voters scoffed（讥讽）at both cultural influence and critical acclaim.

——From The Economist

文本探究

本文是一篇议论文。奥斯卡奖的投票者将《绿皮书》这部讲述黑人钢琴家和他的白人硬汉司机之间友谊的故事评选为了2018年最佳影片。现在奥斯卡投票者对文化影响力和评论界的好评嗤之以鼻。奥斯卡最佳影片奖越来越多地被颁给了那些很快就被遗忘的影片。

探究视角1：篇章结构

篇章结构梳理：

Structure Paragraph（s） Main idea（s）Introduction Para.1 The top Oscar has increasingly gone to films that are soon forgotten.●A rough proxy for a movie's cultural influence is to count how many times it was referred to in subsequent years,and then compare its tally with those of all other films made in the same year.●Decades ago,Best Picture nominees were regularly among the most influential films.Conclusion Para.5 This year's voters scoffed at both cultural influence and critical acclaim.Background Para.2～4

典型段落段内结构分析：

Para.5

句子序号 句义概括 句间关系①② Since the 1970s the films most referred to have been commercial flicks.背景③ The ones Oscar voters do like have become commercially less successful,and thus less culturally relevant. 现象④ Best Picture winners today just have a 2%chance of leading the references table.总结⑤ This year's voters snub Black Panther and the art film Roma. 举例段意概括：奥斯卡投票者对文化影响力和评论界的好评嗤之以鼻。

探究视角2：语言学习

词汇拓展（熟词生义）

1.flick

① n.轻打；轻弹

e.g.With a flick of the wrist,Frye sent the ball into the opposite court.

弗赖伊手腕一甩，把球送到了对方球场。

② n.电影

e.g.an action flick动作片

2.relevant

①adj.相关的；切题的

e.g.Relevant documents were presented in court.

法庭上出示了相关的文件。

②adj.有价值的；有意义的

e.g.Her novel is still relevant today.

她的小说今天仍有现实意义。

探究视角3：文化拓展

绿皮书

《绿皮书》是由彼得·法拉利执导，维果·莫特森、马赫沙拉·阿里主演的剧情片，该片于2018年9月11日在多伦多国际电影节首映；2019年3月1日在中国内地上映。该片改编自真人真事，讲述了意裔美国人保镖托尼，他被聘用为世界上优秀的爵士钢琴家唐开车。钢琴家将从纽约开始举办巡回演奏，俩人之间开始了一段跨越种族、阶层的友谊。《绿皮书》成功地刻画了有色人种所面临的那些困境，这不仅会发生在南部腹地，也会发生在像纽约市这种地方。

参考译文

奥斯卡的影响力已经减弱

《绿皮书》？奥斯卡奖的投票者将这部讲述黑人钢琴家和他的白人硬汉司机之间友谊的故事评选为了2018年最佳影片。这部电影很煽情，影评人对它得奖很是冷嘲热讽。然而，与其说这个奖是一种不太常见的不公正，不如说是为了强化一种趋势。奥斯卡最佳影片奖越来越多地被颁给了那些很快就被遗忘的影片。

电影的质量取决于观众的主观感受。但是，我们可以更客观地衡量其影响。IMDb是一个资源密集型的在线数据库，统计了每部电影在后续电影和电视节目中的引用次数。例如，《卡萨布兰卡》被引用了超过1，600次，包括《当哈利遇见莎莉》中的一段讨论和《真实罗曼史》中的一幅海报。

数据是参差不齐的：80年代的电影被引用的次数是40年代的四倍。但是，观众同样的偏爱很可能适用于某一年的所有电影。因此，一部电影的文化影响力大致可以用以下方法来衡量：数一数它在随后的几年中被引用的次数，然后将其与同一年内的其他所有电影被引用的次数进行比较。

几十年前，最佳影片提名通常是最有影响力的电影里面的一部。1939年出品的影片中68%都引用了《乱世佳人》（获奖影片）和《绿野仙踪》（提名影片）。一个统计模型显示，在20世纪50年代，最佳影片奖得主有20%的可能成为被引用最多的电影。

随着《星球大战》、暑期大片和续集的上映，情况发生了变化。自20世纪70年代以来，被引用最多的电影都是商业电影。奥斯卡投票者通常不会选这类电影；他们真正喜欢的电影在商业上不太成功，因此在文化上也不那么重要。今年的最佳影片奖得主只有2%的可能成为被引用最多的电影。现在的投票者对《黑豹》（已被引用151次）和艺术电影《罗马》不屑一顾，对文化影响力和评论界的好评嗤之以鼻。