王鹏 王子玖 蒋金阳 田梦娇 柳明

摘  要：目前全球能源短缺、环境污染和温室效应等问题越来越严重，大规模的开发新清洁能源将是未来发展趋势，太阳能的利用转换对于飞行器供能方式多样化的研究具有重要意义，无人机侦察与监测无疑对黄河三角洲农林的侦察问题更加简时省力，操作简单、速度快、效率高，而太阳能飞机和固定翼飞机拥有其他无人机不可比拟的优点。通过大展弦比的设计，自主设计针对黄河三角洲地区的机型并不断改进飞机载重、机翼结构及总体布局，以减低诱导阻力，使机翼受到翼尖涡流小;创新性地增大太阳能板铺设面积;出于配平和提供安放电池板的空间考虑，设计机头比较长;降低雷诺数，提高螺旋桨的效率;利用太阳能转换锂电池供电，增加航时航高，以实现太阳能无人机的应用;基于遥感和图传系统，通过航线规划设计，可以长时间地进行数据传输和图像采集，实时对黄河三角洲农林出現的生态环境污染和土地盐碱化等问题进行长时间、有针对性的侦察和监测，并且可以灵活执行多种任务，将具有广阔前景和应用范围。

关键词：太阳能转换;大展弦比;农林侦察;黄河三角洲地区;铺设面积;低雷诺数

中图分类号：V221          文献标志码：A         文章编号：2095-2945（2019）07-0008-05

Abstract： At present， the global energy shortage， environmental pollution and greenhouse effect and other problems are becoming more and more serious. The large-scale development of new clean energy will be the future development trend. the utilization and conversion of solar energy is of great significance to the study of the diversification of aircraft energy supply methods. There is no doubt that UAV detection and monitoring of agriculture and forestry reconnaissance in the Yellow River Delta is more time-saving and labor-saving， simple operation， high speed and high efficiency， while solar aircraft and fixed-wing aircraft have incomparable advantages over other UAVs. Through the design of large aspect ratio， the aircraft in the Yellow River Delta region is designed independently and the load， wing structure and overall layout of the aircraft are continuously improved in order to reduce the induced drag and reduce the vortex at the wing tip. Creatively increase the laying area of solar panels; in order to balance and provide the space for placing panels， the design nose is longer; the Reynolds number is reduced and the efficiency of the propeller is improved; the solar energy is used to convert lithium battery power supply to increase the altitude during navigation. Based on remote sensing and graphic transmission system， data transmission and image acquisition can be carried out for a long time through route planning and design. In real time， the ecological environment pollution and land salinization in the Yellow River Delta will be investigated and monitored for a long time， and a variety of tasks can be carried out flexibly， which will have broad prospects and application scope.

Keywords： solar energy conversion; large aspect ratio; agroforestry reconnaissance; Yellow River Delta region; laying area; low Reynolds number

1 概述

1.1 背景