孙晓晗　郭于田　龙瑞　许月伟　王成毓

摘要：近年来石油泄漏而造成海洋污染的事件频频发生，为解决海上溢油所带来的严重水体污染问题，以棉布为基底，通过低温水热合成法，在棉布表面构建含有CoFe2O4粒子的磁性粗糙结构。配制正己烷和十八烷基三氯硅烷（OTS）的混合溶液，采用浸渍法对棉布进行表面疏水改性，制备出具有磁性能的超疏水棉布。通过SEM、VSM、XRD、EDS、FTIR和接触角测量进行表征。结果表明，改性后棉布的疏水性和磁性能良好，其平均接触角为152°，矫顽力为71.21 Oe，饱和磁化强度为2.296 emu/g。在60 d的老化过程中，其接触角在150°左右。通过油回收实验表明：对轻油的回收率为99.0%，对原油的回收率为93.7%，且经过多次循环回收实验，对油的回收效率仍保持在较高的水平。使用后的改性棉布可以利用其磁性进行回收，洗涤烘干后可再次利用，同时改性棉布完全过滤了回收的油中的水分，所以回收后的油无需除水便可直接使用。此研究结果为海上溢油问题提供了一种良好的解决方法。

关键词：超疏水;棉布;磁性;CoFe2O4;海上溢油;原油回收

中图分类号：TS76;TE991.21文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-8023（2019）03-0054-09

Preparation and Application of Magnetic Superhydrophobic Cotton Cloth

SUN Xiaohan， GUO Yutian， LONG Rui， XU Yuewei， WANG Chengyu*

（School of Materials Science and Engineering， Northeast Forestry University， Harbin 150040）

Abstract：Recent years， oil spills occurred frequently which caused marine pollution. In order to solve the problem of serious water pollution caused by marine oil spills， choosing cotton as base to build the magnetic rough structure on the surface containing CoFe2O4 nanoparticles through low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis method. Then it was modified by a mixture of n-hexane and octadecyl trichlorosilane （OTS） on the cotton surface to make it hydrophobic by the means of impregnation method. Finally， the magnetic superhydrophobic cotton cloth was prepared after drying. It was characterized by SEM， VSM， XRD， EDS， FTIR and contact angle test. Results showed that it had good hydrophobic and magnetic property. Its average contact angle was 152°. Its coercivity was 71.21 Oe and saturation magnetization was 2.296 emu/g. During 60 days of aging test， the contact angle of cotton cloth was still about 150°. The results of the recovery of light oil and crude oil by magnetic super-hydrophobic cotton cloth were as follows： the recovery rate of light oil was 99.0% and the recovery rate of crude oil was 93.7%. After repeated recycling experiments， the recovery efficiency of oil remained high level. Modified cotton cloth that had been used can be recycled by its magnetic property after washing and drying. The modified cotton cloth can completely filter moisture in the recovered oil， so it can be used directly. The results of this study provide a good solution for offshore oil spill.

Keywords：Superhydrophobic; cotton cloth; magnetic; CoFe2O4; oil spill; crude oil recovery

0引言

近年來由于海上石油泄漏而造成海洋污染的事件频频发生[1-2]，水体污染和环境破坏等问题亟待解决。超疏水是仿生学的一种[3]，超疏水表面是指水滴的滚动角在10°以下且接触角在150°以上的表面[4]，由于在工业以及一些基础研究中具有较高的应用价值而引起了科学家们的极大关注，一般来说可以利用能降低表面能的物质对粗糙表面进行修饰而获得[5]。……