童丽灵 常鹏环 吴丹 杜冬妹 陈少玲

【摘要】 目的：探討社区老年2型糖尿病患者实施个体化健康教育对健康行为及临床疗效的影响。方法：选取2018年1-12月在海口市得胜沙社区老年2型糖尿病患者80例，随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组，试验组实施3个月的个体化健康教育，对照组实施社区大课堂讲课。比较两组实施前后自我管理行为及临床效果（糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、新发并发症）。结果：实施前两组自我管理行为比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），实施后两组评分均提高，且试验组高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实施后3个月两组新发并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。实施前两组糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），实施后试验组糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：社区老年2型糖尿病患者实施个体化健康教育，有助于改善患者的健康行为，对控制患者血糖及减少并发症具有重要的意义。

【关键词】 老年2型糖尿病 个体化健康教育 健康行为

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.28.074 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2019）28-0-03

Influence of Individualized Health Education on Health Behaviors and Clinical Effects in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Community/TONG Liling， CHANG Penghuan， WU Dan， DU Dongmei， CHEN Shaoling. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research， 2019， 17（28）： -174

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the effect of individualized health education on health behavior and clinical efficacy in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in community. Method： From January to December 2018， 80 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected in Deshengsha Community of Haikou City. The patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group， the experimental group was given individualized health education for 3 months， while the control group was given community lecture. The self-management behavior and clinical effect （glycated hemoglobin， fasting blood glucose， 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and new complications） were compared between the two groups. Result： There was no significant difference in the self-management behavior of the two groups （P>0.05）. The scores of the two groups were improved after the implementation， and the test group was higher than that of the control group （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of new complications between the two groups after 3 months of implementation （P>0.05）. There was no significant difference in glycosylated hemoglobin， fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandia blood glucose between the two groups （P>0.05）. After implementation， the glycosylated hemoglobin， fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandia blood glucose in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion： Individualized health education for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community is helpful to improve the health behavior of patients， and is of great significance to control blood glucose and reduce complications.

[Key words] Type 2 diabetes in the elderly Individual health education Health behavior

First-authors address： Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital， Haikou 570208， China

糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，需要长期治疗，血糖长期控制不佳会持续损害全身大血管、微血管，造成心、脑、肾、眼等靶器官病变，严重影响患者生活质量，也给家庭及社会造成沉重的经济负担[1]。国际糖尿病联盟（IDF）统计，全球糖尿病人数2011年已达3.7亿，发展中国家占80%，估计全球糖尿病患者到2030年将近5.5亿，中国糖尿病发生率为11.6%[2]，中国糖尿病發病率已跃居到世界第一，且呈逐年上升趋势。糖尿病健康教育是治疗的重要组成部分，贯穿着整个过程治疗。早期个体化护理对老年糖尿病患者改善症状，提高认知行为具有重要意义[3]。社区老年……