Yuan Qingfeng

(Department of Civil Engineering,Hunan City University,Yiyang,Hunan 413000)

Abstract:Due to the accelerated development of Chinese economy,Chinese transportation industry has developed by leaps and bounds in recent years.The development of transportation industry will also promote Chinese economic development.Therefore,the importance of urban infrastructure construction must be taken seriously.Compared with the previous level,the current construction level of road and bridge in China has improved a lot.However,there are still some deficiencies in the construction management of road and bridge,which will not be conducive to the sustainable development of Chinese economy and towns.In view of this current situation,this paper will make an in-depth analysis of the existing problems in the current road and bridge construction management,and find out specific optimization measures based on this.

Key words:road and bridge;construction management;optimization measures

As the saying goes,building the road is the first step to become rich,the development of the country must be inseparable from building bridges and building roads,road construction can not only provide convenience for people to travel,but also promote the development of the economy to some extent.However,in view of the current situation of road and bridge engineering in China in recent years,the construction management of road and bridge has some major problems,which will seriously affect the construction quality of road and bridge,and eventually lead to the road and bridge cannot be put into use normally.Therefore,it is of practical significance to analyze the deficiencies of current road and bridge construction management and the optimization measures.

I.The Importance of Optimizing Construction Management of Road and Bridge Engineering

Road and bridge engineering itself has a strong characteristic of systematicness and complexity.In the actual process of project construction,there are many factors that affect the quality of the project.Therefore,it is necessary to optimize the construction management of road and bridge engineering.Specifically,optimizing the construction management of road and bridge projects is of great significance in the following two aspects:Firstly,it is conducive to the efficient implementation of various construction and management work,in addition,it has a great significance in carrying out road and bridge engineering construction in strict accordance with the construction plan and solve all kinds of safety hazards in road and bridge engineering construction in time;Secondly,under the background of giving full play to the function of site construction management,it can improve the construction management level of road and bridge engineering as a whole,and increase the use of construction materials and mechanical equipment.

II.Problems Existing in Road and Bridge Construction Management

(i)The Current Construction Management of Road and Bridge Engineering has Some Deficiencies

Social development has promoted the continuous development of the transportation industry,road and bridge projects bear more and more pressure.Therefore,the requirements of the construction technology of the road bridge project is very high,and the construction period is also very long.In addition,modern road and bridge engineering covers many professional fields,and the number of construction teams is very large.The phenomenon of cross construction is also very common at present,and the construction management methods of many projects are relatively single,which cannot effectively adapt to the situation of road and bridge engineering construction.For example,there are also many problems in the management of building materials,mechanical and electrical equipment.

(ii)There are Some Deficiencies in the Construction Management of Road and Bridge Engineering at Present

There are many people involved in the road and bridge project,and there will be more or less communication problems in the actual management.Particularly,the management concept and method of many management units are relatively single and lack certain flexibility,which will lead to some unnecessary problems in the communication between the construction parties,the quality of the road and bridge project is at great risk,and there are also problems in progress control.In addition,due to the long construction period of the road and bridge project,the parties involved in the project often take the construction schedule of the road and bridge project as the main content of the management during the specific construction management.The management of materials,equipment and personnel on the construction site is easily to have negligence,resulting in quality problems of road and bridge projects.These unnecessary safety risks will also affect the construction progress of the project to a certain extent.

(iii)The Construction Site of Road and Bridge Engineering is Complex

The complexity of road and bridge construction site is mainly reflected in the following aspects.Firstly,the road and bridge engineering construction site traffic flow is very large,there are a lot of buildings around,underground engineering such as a variety of pipelines.Secondly,in the construction,many units and parts often need to coordinate,which makes the construction site conditions extremely complex,not only not conducive to the smooth development of the project,but also increased the difficulty of construction management.In addition,many road and bridge construction sites are in the field,facing some complex terrain and landform conditions and harsh natural environment.Thirdly,the transportation facilities in these areas are often not perfect and the transportation of materials and equipment is difficult.

III.Optimization Measures of Road and Bridge Construction Management

(i)Clearing the Construction Schedule and Continuously Optimizing the Road and Bridge Construction Management Measures

Road and bridge engineering has a certain particularity,which makes it very different from ordinary commercial buildings,also makes the road and bridge engineering itself has very strict requirements on the construction period,besides,the construction period must be strictly followed after the project period is determined.Therefore,relevant management departments should strictly manage the construction progress of road and bridge projects,and conduct progress management according to the construction progress.Once problems occur,they should immediately optimize the schedule,so as to continuously improve the construction management level of road and bridge.

(ii)Constantly Improving the Professional Quality of Construction Personnel

Strengthening the education of road and bridge construction personnel can not only improve the responsibility of construction personnel,but also provide effective guarantee for the construction quality,at the same time,we should perfect the construction of the responsibility system and implement the principle of“who works,who takes responsibility”.In addition,the construction unit should regularly organize professional knowledge learning and training,before the construction personnel take up their posts,their qualifications should be assessed to ensure that every member of the construction team can keep calm in the face of emergencies and timely find solutions.

(iii)Developing Detailed Construction Cost Budget to Optimize Construction Management Measures

Firstly,the fund limit of the project should be strictly controlled.The budget should be based on the project design specification,and the investment limit should be allocated and strictly implemented before the project starts.Secondly,it is necessary to strengthen the fund management in the construction process,carefully manage the cost budget plan of each link involved in the construction project,and strictly follow the fund management system.If the capital cost exceeds the standard in a certain link,it should be timely analyzed and corrected.Finally,different construction methods should be determined according to each construction link to cultivate the learning consciousness of construction personnel and attach importance to construction technology.Investigate the completed and good quality road engineering project of oil well area,learning the advanced road engineering construction method of oil well area,and construct in strict accordance with the construction method,pay attention to the connection between the constructions of each link,take the corresponding construction methods according to different projects.

(iv)Determining Different Construction Methods According to Each Construction Link

(1)Implementing Road and Bridge Engineering Survey Work to Ensure the Correct Use of Materials

In the fill section,undertake basement treatment seriously.The slope is smooth and compact;build protection road according to design requirement.Road construction should strictly control the dosage of case mixture cement,the mixing quality and mixture gradation,so as to ensure the mixture cement dose is accurate,mixing is even and gradation is reasonable.When conducting surface layer construction,the quality of cement concrete mixing should be ensured,vibrate and press during construction to ensure flatness and other inspection indexes.At the same time,strictly control the slit time,eliminate the concrete slab cracking caused by cutting seam not in time.Strengthen the health maintenance of grassroots and surface layer,traffic was closed during the health maintenance to ensure the strength meets the requirements.

(2)Constructing According to the Road and Bridge Engineering Quality Standard

The middle line and level measurement shall be made regularly during the construction period to ensure the accuracy of the middle line,span and elevation of each part of the bridge.All materials must be tested.Concrete mixing should strictly according to the proportion.Concrete construction in winter should meet the requirements of relevant regulations.

(3)Strictly Monitoring and Controlling the Construction Process of Preventing the Car Jumping at the Bridge Head

In order to prevent the bridge head from jumping off,the correct construction method should be adopted to reduce and eliminate the uneven settlement effectively.The monitoring intensity in construction should be improved,and the construction personnel should pay more attention to the quality of bridge head filling.In the classification of construction tasks,the subgrade behind the platform should be paid high attention to,so that the construction of the bridge abutment and the subgrade can be carried out synchronously,and be managed comprehensively by the same operating unit to avoid interference and incoordination.According to the design and construction specifications,the natural gradation of sand and gravel soil or gravel materials were selected as the embankment padding,then conduct layered construct,layered grind,and layered detect to meet the design requirements of compactness.Arrange the construction period and construction sequence reasonably so as not to affect the quality of filling due to the deadline in the construction of embankment.

(v)Minimizing the Impact of Adverse Environment on Construction Quality

(1)According to the Engineering Technical Environment,Adjusting the Corresponding Work in Time

Fully estimate the impact of engineering technical environment,develop targeted preventive measures to prevent the occurrence of engineering accidents,and do a good job in the security preparation before construction.For example,the construction site's climate,meteorology,geological conditions,hydrological conditions,traffic conditions,engineering raw material reserves and so on will affect the construction progress,quality and cost.Therefore,before construction,it is necessary to conduct a detailed and in-depth investigation on the environment of the construction site to master the first-hand information,so as to take targeted measures to deal with the situation that may affect the quality,progress and cost of the project.

In the construction of rainy season,road construction should do a good job in drainage.Carry out detailed field investigation and study on the construction area in rainy season,and prepare the practical organization plan for the construction in rainy season,repair the construction road and ensure it will unblocked during rainy and sunny days.Listen to the weather forecast at least three times in the morning,afternoon and evening every day,master the weather information and arrange the construction reasonably.Make use of every bit of time to work,and use the rainy gap for a small section of construction,small batch of concrete perfusion.

Because of the low temperature in winter,working should be mainly on over ground engineering.The frozen soil produced by low temperature in winter makes the underground engineering construction inconvenient,so more over ground engineering operation is conducted.During construction,do a good job of vehicle anti-freezing work to ensure the completion rate and attendance.Distribute the cold protection supplies to ensure the health of construction personnel.Do a good job of oil,heating coal procurement and supply work.Do a good job of anti-skid work to ensure the safety of the vehicle.

(2)Improving Working Environment

Labor environment mainly includes labor combination,labor tools,working face,etc.Pay attention to the catering health and accommodation conditions of the construction personnel,provide the construction personnel with relatively rich food and comfortable accommodation environment,improve the satisfaction of the construction personnel,so as to indirectly guarantee the quality of the project.Keep the construction site clean and tidy,timely clear and transport the scrap and garbage inside and outside the construction building,divide the space into the construction area and living area and clearly divide the responsibility area,keep all kinds of placards on the construction site clean and tidy.When summer noon temperature is too high,workers can temporarily shut down,reasonably arrange the working time to stagger the period of strong sunshine.Do good material preparation,that is,to do a full preparation of the construction personnel in advance to prevent heat temperature,and to do a full preparation of the high temperature season required material in advance.Do good construction measures,that is,the living area equipped with adequate drinking water,cooling drinks and set shade cooling shed.

(vi)Strengthening the Safety Management of Road and Bridge Construction Site

Road and bridge engineering itself has a strong characteristic of systematicness and complexity.In the actual construction process,there are many factors that affect the safety of the construction site.Therefore,it is imperative to take effective measures to strengthen the safety management of the construction site.In order to achieve this goal,in the process of the construction enterprise operation,firstly,the safety awareness of employees should be fully cultivated comprehensively,and the safety management system should be formulated according to the road and bridge engineering practice and the construction site environment,so as to implement all safety management responsibilities to individuals.Secondly,the construction should be carried out strictly in accordance with the safety system,and the possible safety problems in the construction should be predicted and targeted measures should be formulated to minimize the probability of safety accidents.Finally,strengthen safety publicity,so that all departments and staff can be clear about their own safety responsibility,fundamentally laying the foundation for safe construction.

IV.Conclusion

Road and bridge project plays an important role in the development of transportation industry in China,therefore,it is necessary to recognize the practical problems existing in the construction management of road and bridge projects in China,and take corresponding solutions according to the status of project progress.By improving the management level of road and bridge engineering,the transportation industry in China can develop steadily.