敌草快二氯盐与二溴盐等药剂活性的比较
2019-01-06邢平徐艳飞崔亚魁于超杰
邢平 徐艳飞 崔亚魁 于超杰



摘要:通過室内整株生测法,比较敌草快二氯盐和敌草快二溴盐的生物活性;并通过田间试验,比较20%敌草快二氯盐水剂和200 g/L敌草快二溴盐水剂等灭生性除草剂对常见农田杂草的防除效果。室内整株生测结果表明,敌草快二氯盐和敌草快二溴盐对稗草的抑制作用相对较弱,且二氯盐活性优于二溴盐,ED90分别为1 557.164 6、2 156.398 8 g a.i./hm2;在对狗尾草的抑制作用方面,敌草快二氯盐稍微逊色于二溴盐,ED90分别为490.160 7、342.50 91 g a.i./hm2;在对苘麻、碎米莎草的整体抑制作用方面,2种除草剂的效果相对较好,且二者活性相当,敌草快二氯盐、敌草快二溴盐对苘麻的ED90分别为234.874 0、202.002 4 g a.i./hm2,对碎米莎草的ED90分别为144.631 2、133.243 1 g a.i./hm2。田间药效试验结果表明,敌草快和百草枯的杀草谱、速效性基本一致,药后3 d对阔叶杂草的防效可达90%以上,对禾本科杂草的防效可达80%以上;敌草快二氯盐和敌草快二溴盐在同等阳离子用药量下,防效无显著差异;敌草快二氯盐比对照药剂18%草铵膦水剂的速效性高,但草铵膦对禾本科杂草的持效性优于敌草快。
关键词:敌草快二氯盐;敌草快二溴盐;百草枯;草铵膦;生物活性
中图分类号:S451.23文献标志码:A文章编号:1003-935X(2019)02-0064-07
Pharmaceutical Activity Comparison Between Diquat Dichloride and Diquat Dibromide
XING Ping1,XU Yanfei1,CUI Yakui2,YU Chaojie3
(1.Nanjing Red Sun Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211100,China; 2. Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China; 3. Institute of Plant Protection,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou 510640,China)
Abstract:The bioactivity between diquat dichloride and diquat dibromide was compared by indoor whole plant bioassays. Efficacy against common farmland weeds was compared between herbicide such as 20% diquat dichloride and 200 g/L diquat dibromide by field experiment. Diquat dichloride and diquat dibromide were poorly effective against Echinochloa crusgalli in the indoor whole plant bioassays; the activity of diquat dichloride was better than that of diquat dibromide,with ED90 values of 1 557 and 2 156 g a.i./hm2,respectively. Conversely,the activity of diquat dichloride was lower than that of diquat dibromide in controlling Setaria viridis,wirh ED90 values of 490 and 342 g a.i./hm2,
收稿日期:2019-01-22
作者简介:邢 平(1975—),男,江苏南京人,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为农药应用技术研究、质量管理。E-mail:xpchinese@aliyun.com。
respectively. Efficacy of the two herbicides was relatively better against Abutilon theophrasti and Cyperus iria L.,with ED90 value for Abutilon theophrasti of 235 and 202 g a.i./hm2,and of 145 and 133 g a.i./hm2 for Cyperus iria L.,respectively. In the field experiment,the
control spectrum and quick-acting property for diquat and paraquat were nearly the same; efficacy against broadleaf and grass weeds was above 90% and 80%,respectively,at three days after treatment. Efficacy of diquat dichloride and diquat dibromide was smilar at equivalent dosages counted by positive ions. The quick-acting property of diquat dichloride was better than the alternative herbicide glufosinate 18%AS,but glufosinate showed better persistencethan diquat in controlling grass weeds.
Key words:diquat dichloride; diquat dibromide; paraquat; glufosinate ammonium; bioactivity
敌草快二氯盐和敌草快二溴盐是敌草快盐的2种主要存在形式。敌草快盐在水溶液中可完全解离,且毒性不受阴离子影响[1-2]。ICI公司于1955年研发出了敌草快二氯盐和二溴盐,但是由于生产工艺和成本问题,仅敌草快二溴盐实现了商品化,而敌草快二氯盐一直没能实现商品化。……
