胡玮 冯晓波 朱锐 陈清 郭永鑫 郭新蕾

摘要：南水北调中线工程冬季闸门小开度运行，闸后淹没水跃紊动剧烈，为验证小开度下闸门运行的安全性，选取蒲阳河典型节制闸开展闸门振动原型观测。通过测量不同开度下的闸门振动特性，分别采用动应力、振动位移（振幅）和频率作为标准进行振动安全评价，结果表明：闸门最大动应力为133 MPa，远小于材料允许应力的20%（约32 MPa）；最大振动位移1597 μm，小于闸门振动危害程度可忽略不计的上限位移508 μm；所有测试工况的安全临界振幅A与频率f满足lgA<（314-116 lgf）。上述三种评价准则的判定结果一致，因此，中线闸门小开度淹没出流条件下，闸后水跃紊动引起的闸门振动危害可忽略，闸门结构安全稳定。

关键词：弧形闸门；小开度；动应力；振动位移；安全评价；原型观测

中图分类号：TV32 文献标志码：A 文章编号：

16721683（2018）05013905

Field tests and safety evaluation of radial gate vibration under small opening condition in the Middle Route of SouthtoNorth Water Diversion Project

HU Wei1，FENG Xiaobo1，ZHU Rui1，CHEN Qing1，GUO Yongxin2，GUO Xinlei2

（

1.Supervision Center of SouthtoNorth Water Diversion Project，Beijing 100038，China；2.China Institute of Water Resources & Hydropower Research，Beijing 100038，China

）

Abstract：

In winter，the controlling gates of the Middle Route of SouthtoNorth Water Diversion Project are operated under small opening condition.The submerged hydraulic jump is accompanied by severe turbulence behind the sluice gates.To evaluate the safety of gate operation under small opening condition，we conducted field tests on the Puyang River Gates and measured the parameters of gate vibration under the conditions of different gate openings.The test results indicated that the maximum dynamic stress of the gates is 133 MPa，smaller than 20% of the allowable stress，i.e.about 32 MPa.The maximum vibration displacement 1597 μm is less than the upper limit displacement 508 μm，below which the hazard of gate vibration can be negligible.The relation between amplitude A and frequency f follows lgA<（314-116 lgf）.The evaluation results of the above 3 kinds of criteria are consistent；therefore，the hazard of gate vibration induced by submerged hydraulic jump is negligible，and the gate structure is safe and stable when the sluice gates are operated in small opening condition.

Key words：

radial gate；small opening；dynamic stress；vibrational displacement；safety evaluation；field test

南水北調中线工程是实现南北水资源合理配置，缓解京、津、华北平原水资源供需矛盾，支撑该地区国民经济和社会可持续发展的重大战略性基础设施。中线工程运行初期取水流量较小，尤其是冬季受冰情影响，行程6～7 m的闸门开度仅为几十厘米或1 m左右，闸门长期在小开度淹没出流条件下运行[12]，闸后淹没水跃紊动剧烈，形成向上游剧烈反转的漩涡和往复水流，对闸门产生周期性的冲击，见图1。

闸门与动水接触时，总会出现不同程度的振动，一般情况下，闸门振动主要表现为水动力荷载作用下的低频振动，振动比较微弱，不致影响闸门的安全运行[35]。但在某些特定运行条件下，如果水流的脉动频率接近闸门的自振频率，不管这种激励频率是外力固有的，还是由于闸门结构与水流发生耦合而次生的，都将导致闸门发生共振，如果振幅达到很大值，还将使闸门整体或局部发生强烈振动，在闸门结构内出现不平常的应力和应变，使闸门受到损害，甚至影响建筑物安全稳定[67]。……