郑丽英 邓淑红

[摘要]目的 探討心理疏导联合健康指导对痔疮术后患者切口疼痛与生活能力的影响。方法 选取2016年1月～2018年3月我院收治的100例痔疮术后患者作为研究对象，根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组，每组各50例。对照组给予常规护理，观察组在对照组的基础上行心理疏导联合健康指导治疗。比较两组治疗后第1、3、5天的视觉模拟评分（VAS评分）切口疼痛和生活自理能力的情况。结果 两组治疗后第3天的VAS评分低于本组治疗后第1天，治疗后第5天的VAS评分低于本组治疗后第3天，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），且观察组治疗后第1天VAS评分低于同时段的对照组，观察组治疗后第3天VAS评分低于同时段的对照组，观察组治疗后第5天VAS评分低于同时段的对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），观察组治疗后生活能力优良率（96.00%）明显高于对照组（82.00%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对痔疮术后患者，采取心理疏导和健康指导可降低患者术后的切口疼痛，提高患者的生活自理能力，改善其生活质量。

[关键词]心理疏导；健康指导；痔疮；切口疼痛；生活能力

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）9（c）-0189-03

Impact of psychological counseling and health guidance on incision pain and living ability in patients after hemorrhoid surgeries

ZHENG Li-ying1 DENG Shu-hong2

1. Surgery Treatment Room， Department of Outpatien， the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University， Jiangxi Province， Nanchang 330003， China ； 2. Department of General Surgery， the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University， Jiangxi Province， Nanchang 330003， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the influence of psychological counseling and health guidance on incision pain and living ability in patients after hemorrhoid surgeries. Methods A total of 100 patients performed with hemorrhoid surgeries in our hospital from January 2016 to March 2018 were selected as the study subjects. According to the random number table method， they were equally divided into control group and observation group， 50 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with routine care， while in the observation group， participants were provided with psychological counseling and health guidance on the basis of the control group. Visual analogue scale （VAS） scores of incision pain 1， 3， 5 day after treatment and self-care ability were compared between the two groups. Results The VAS score on the 3rd day after treatment in both groups were lower than that on the 1st day after treatment. The VAS score on the 5th day after treatment was lower than that on the 3rd day after treatment with statistical significance （P<0.05）. In the observation group， the VAS scores 1， 3， 5 day after treatment were lower compared with those at the corresponding period in the control group with statistical significance （P<0.05）. The excellent and good rate of living ability in the observation group was 96.00%， significantly higher than that in the control group accounting for 82.00% with significant difference （P<0.05）. Conclusion For patients after hemorrhoid surgeries， application of psychological counseling and health guidance can alleviate postoperative incision pain， improve the patient′s self-care ability， and ameliorate their quality of life.

[Key words] Psychological counseling； Health guidance； Hemorrhoid； Incision pain； Living ability

痔疮是肛肠科常见的疾病，主要以患混合痔为主，据临床统计该病男性发病率高于女性，且发病年龄多见于30～50岁[1-2]。目前临床上主张手术治疗，属于最为常见的治疗方式，但肛门的神经末梢十分敏感，术后易产生不同程度的疼痛或出血、肛缘水肿等情况，增加患者术后的痛苦[3]，并易導致术后并发症的发生率升高。为避免术后感染而引发的并发症情况，需对术后患者进行多次换药，进而引发术后疼痛，使患者产生心理应激反应，出现不同程度的不良情绪，严重影响患者的预后情况及生活质量。有学者研究认为良好的心理疏导及健康宣教可有效地缓解患者的不适，减少术后切口的疼痛度，改善其生活能力，而相关文献报道甚少[4-5]。本研究旨在探讨心理疏导联合健康指导对痔疮术后患者切口疼痛与生活能力的影响，现报道如下。……