电动车用永磁同步电机定子谐波优化控制
2018-12-21王硕王旭东金宁治刘宇博谢瑞
王硕 王旭东 金宁治 刘宇博 谢瑞
摘要:针对电动车用永磁同步电机传统控制策略下电机定子含有高次谐波的问题,提出了通过反电势补偿来抑制电流畸变的改进控制方法。在传统电流转速双闭环控制框架的前提下,通过对高次谐波分量进行提取,加入高次谐波电压反馈环节,实现了对定子电流的优化,抑制了电机转矩脉动,提高电动汽车运行的平稳性。在Matlab/Simulink下进行仿真实验,通过分析高次谐波电流波形和转矩波形,证实显著抑制了电机定子电流中的高次谐波,验证该控制算法的有效性。
关键词:
永磁同步电机;电压反馈;谐波优化;转矩脉动
DOI:10.15938/j.jhust.2018.05.011
中图分类号: TM35
文献标志码: A
文章编号: 1007-2683(2018)05-0062-06
Stator Harmonic Optimal Control of Permanent Magnet
Synchronous Motor in Electric Vehicle
WANG Shuo,WANG Xudong,JIN Ningzhi,LIU Yubo,XIE Rui
(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China)
Abstract:For the problem of harmonics in the motor stator current under the traditional control strategy of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM),an improved control method of suppressing current distortion by voltage compensation is proposedUnder the premise of the traditional dual feedback control frame, the highorder harmonic component is extracted and the harmonic feedback is added to realize the optimization of the stator current,the torque ripple is restrained and the smoothness of electric vehicle running is improvedBy analyzing the high harmonic current waveform and torque waveform under the Matlab/Simulink environment simulation experiment, confirmed that the method significantly inhibited the motor stator current harmonics and validate the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.
Keywords:permanent magnet synchronous motor;voltage feedback;harmonic optimization;torque ripple
0引言
内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM),由于其交直轴电感不对称的特点,可以充分利用其磁阻转矩进行弱磁控制,因此该种电机具有调速范围较宽,效率较高等优点,特别在恒转矩、高速运行的伺服驱动系统中更是备受青睐,广泛的应用于电动车驱动、轨道交通、医疗器械等领域。电动车用电机输出转矩的平滑度,以及噪声影响是衡量系统性能的重要指标[1]。而永磁同步电机定子电流中含有的高次谐波是产生转矩脉动的主要原因[2]。
根据永磁同步电机运行谐波的性质,定子谐波主要分为时间谐波和空间谐波[3]。时间諧波主要指逆变器死区效应,不但降低了输出电压基波幅值,而且使电压发生畸变,产生高次谐波;空间谐波主要指由于电机本体齿槽效应、绕组分布形式、磁路磁饱和等因素,使得气隙磁势在空间的分布并不是正弦形的,其中会还有一系列的高次谐波[4]。……
