淬硬钢模具曲面铣削有限元仿真及试验研究
2018-12-21岳彩旭郝胜宇黄翠王彦武
岳彩旭 郝胜宇 黄翠 王彦武
摘要:针对在高硬度曲面模具铣削过程当中,工件与刀具接触特性的不断变化导致了铣削系统动态特性的变化,进而对刀具寿命和加工质量产生不良影响。依据典型的摩擦模型、本构模型以及切屑分离准则等有限元仿真关键技术,利用有限元仿真软件Deform3D建立了曲面铣削的三维仿真模型。仿真模型通过建立刀具位置坐标和时间的表达式实现了刀具运动轨迹准确的控制。结合实验研究结果,分析了曲面铣削力的变化特性以及在不同铣削条件下的铣削力的变化规律。研究结果表明仿真模型的有效性。
关键词:
淬硬钢模具;曲面铣削;有限元仿真;铣削力;参数优化
DOI:10.15938/j.jhust.2018.05.008
中图分类号: TG501
文献标志码: A
文章编号: 1007-2683(2018)05-0040-06
3D FEM Simulation and Experiment Research for Milling Process of Hardened Curved Mold
YUE Caixu,HAO Shengyu,HUANG Cui,WANG Yanwu
(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China)
Abstract:In milling process of high hardness curved mold, the change of contact characteristics between cutting tool and workpiece will cause larger fluctuations of cutting force, which will have an adverse effect on tool life and machining quality Based on key technology of the finite element simulation such as typical friction model, constitutive model and chip separation criterion, the 3D simulation model of surface milling is established by using finite element simulation software Deform3DThe trajectory of milling cutter was accurately achieved by controlling the relationship of milling cutter position coordinate and time Based on the experimental results, the variation characteristics of the curved surfaces milling force and the variation rule of milling force under different milling conditions are analyzed The results show the effectiveness of the simulation
Keywords:hardened steel mold; curved milling process; FEM simulation; milling process; process parameters optimization
0引言
模具用于制造汽車覆盖件时,具有结构尺寸大、表面硬度大、型面特征复杂多样等特点[1-3]。在汽车覆盖件模具铣削加工过程中,刀具受到较大的交变载荷,时变的切削力会加快刀具刃口的磨损,进而会降低刀具的使用寿命,同时会使加工工件的表面质量降低[4]。为此,在曲面铣削加工过程中,有必要揭示刀具受力的变化特性,进而通过合理的设置铣削参数和优化刀具路径的方法来实现铣削力的控制。
国内外诸多学者对曲面加工过程展开了深入研究。吉林大学的张忠松博士提出了一种针对球头铣刀铣削曲面过程进行参数规划的方法,深入的探讨了球头铣刀曲面局部可铣的充分条件[5]。Ozturk等人根据球头铣刀铣削自由曲面的过程,建立了工件与刀具啮合区计算的解析模型,研究结果提高了模型的运算速度和计算精度[6]。……
