张烨 张明帮 刘燊 潘福喜 邹楠 张日新

【摘 要】良好的教室照明是高校师生正常学习的保障。针对现有高校教室照明存在的照度不均匀性和能耗高的问题，结合绿色照明的节能理念，采用LED照明代替传统日光灯照明，通过光纤光谱仪测量LED灯和日光灯的性能，基于光的强度曲线从光的本质上揭示了日光灯危害人眼的原因，说明了LED对人眼刺激较小；通过对比各测试点的照度参数，定量分析了两种灯具的教室照度分布规律；基于全生命周期成本估算模型计算，研究了教室照明使用日光灯和LED灯的经济效益。试验结果显示，教室LED照明照度平均值为554.4lux，照度均匀度为70.3%，优于日光灯照明照度均匀度48.3%，教室整体照度水平高于教室建筑照明标准；一支LED灯的日耗电量仅为日光灯的37.5%，一间教室平均一年可节约电费3296.96元。研究结果为教室照明设计指明了高效节能的途径，验证了教室使用LED灯照明具有极高的经济效益和节能减排效果。

【Abstract】Good classroom lighting is the guarantee of normal learning for college teachers and students. In view of the problems of uneven illumination and high energy consumption in existing classroom lighting， combined with the energy saving idea of green lighting， we use LED lighting to replace the traditional fluorescent lighting. Through measuring the performance of LED lamp and fluorescent lamp by fiber optic spectrometer， and based on the intensity curve of light， we reveal the cause of harm to human eyes by fluorescent lamp from the essence of light. The results show that LED is less irritating to human eyes. Through comparing the illuminance parameters of each test point， the distribution law of illuminance in classroom of two kinds of lamps is analyzed quantitatively. Based on the life cycle cost estimation model， the economic benefits of using fluorescent lamp and LED lamp in classroom lighting are studied. The experimental results show that the average illuminance of LED lighting in classroom is 554.4 lux， and the illumination uniformity is 70.3%， which is better than that of fluorescent lighting by 48.3%. The overall illumination level of the classroom is higher than the lighting standard for classroom building. The daily power consumption of a LED lamp is only 37.5% of that of the fluorescent lamp. The average electricity consumption per classroom is 3296.96 yuan per year. The research results indicate efficient and energy-saving ways for classroom lighting design， and proves that the use of LED lighting in classroom has very high economic benefit and the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.

【关键词】LED灯；教室照明；全生命周期成本；节能改造

【Keywords】LED lamp； classroom lightning； life cycle cost； energy saving reform

【中圖分类号】 TU113.2 【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1673-1069（2018）08-0188-06

1 引言

教室是学校师生的主要学习场所，优质且节能的教室照明对提高学生学习兴趣、保护学生视力和响应高校节能减排均具有重要的社会和经济意义[1]。随着LED照明技术的发展，LED灯被广泛应用于学校教学照明之中[2]。

教室照明存在的突出问题在于能耗高和灯光分布不合理[3-5]。教室照明一般采用长度规格为1.2m的40瓦日光灯多点分布，其中央照明的单位能耗较高，而边角照明质量却不达要求，整室照明的平均照度和照度均匀度均远低于相关标准[3， 6]。……