张波

多数同学写的作文要点很全面，但是由于部分同学英语语言基础知识不扎实，语言不规范，也往往失分严重。最突出的语言错误有以下几种：

1.主谓一致错误

主谓一致指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致、意义一致和就近原则，但有些考生常常会忽略这方面的问题，根据自己的感觉进行判断，从而导致主谓不一致。

误：Qianmen Street，a famous one in Beijing， have a history of 600 years.

正：Qianmen Street，a famous one in Beijing， has a history of 600 years.

誤：My hobby is widespread， which include drawing， collecting stamps and so on.

正：My hobby is widespread， which includes drawing， collecting stamps and so on.

误：Dr. Smith， together with his wife， are to arrive on the evening flight.

正：Dr. Smith， together with his wife， is to arrive on the evening flight.

2.时态，语态错误

由于汉语中动词没有时态形式上的变化，许多考生在用英语表达时受汉语影响缺乏时态的概念，故时态错误随处可见。此外，考生也容易弄错名词与动词之间的主动、被动关系，从而造成语态的误用。

误：In the morning， we had bicycled in the suburbs to plant trees.

正：In the morning， we bicycled in the suburbs to plant trees.

误：It is high time that we do something to reduce pollution.

正：It is high time that we did something to reduce pollution

误：One day l told Mr. Wang， my maths teacher， was….

正：One day l was told Mr. Wang， my maths teacher， was….

误：Children who raise in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.

正：Children who are raised in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years.

3.句子成分残缺

一般来讲，一个完整的句子应具有主语部分和谓语部分，表达出一个完整的意思。如果写出的句子缺乏主语和谓语就无法表达一个完整的意思，这样的句子就是残缺的句子。

误：if no self-confidence， all our dreams would merely daydreams.

正：if we had no self-confidence， all our dreams would be merely daydreams.

误：Our library in the center of the school.

正：Our library is in the center of the school.

4.用词不当

用词不当是指对词语理解不清，容易在词性与词义范围大小、感情色彩等方面使用不当；也可指对词汇的应用理解不清，造成应用形式错误。特别是近义词、关联词用错会造成病句。

误：Doing a part-time job always effects study.

正：Doing a part-time job always affects study.

误：During my summer vacation，I spent half a month in the country and played very happy.

正：During my summer vacation，I spent half a month in the country and played very happily.

误：As a matter of fact， we all against all forms of terrorist activities.

正：As a matter of fact， we are all against all forms of terrorist activities.

5.句子粘连

句子粘连是指两个或两个以上的独立分句没有适当的标点符号或连接词连接的句子。

误：There are many students don't support the project.

正：There are many students who don't support the project.

误：The two tourists are sightseeing in a boat， they are littering into the water.

正：While they are sightseeing in a boat， the two tourists are littering into the water.

误：On the other hand， dogs are our best friends， bring us a lot of fun.

正：On the other hand， dogs are our best friends， which/and bring us a lot of fun.

误：There were so many people waiting to get a ticket the hall was increasingly crowded.

正：There were so many people waiting to get a ticket that the hall was increasingly crowded.

6.中式英语

中式英语是受汉语语言或思维影响而产生的不地道英语。在词汇层面、惯用法层面、句子层面都有不同程度的中式英语出现。……