方国华 陆范彪 刘飞飞 丁紫玉 闻昕

摘要：分析平原坡水区梯级闸站联合优化调度系统特点，探究其合理的联合优化调度方法，目的在于使社会、经济和生态环境三方面效益达到最优，为准确研究特定区域闸站联合优化调度、制定和实施该地区的发展规划提出参考。建立特定区域闸站多目标联合优化调度模型并采用NSGAⅡ算法求解得到非劣解集，运用多属性评价决策进行方案优选。对宿迁市黄河故道及以南地区梯级闸站进行实例研究，结果表明：联合优化调度相比常规调度，通过增加提水量，有效降低了缺水率，提高了系统的供水能力，同时减少了弃水，充分利用了水资源，节约了供水成本。这说明平原坡水区梯级闸站的多目标联合优化调度模型及求解方法，具有较好的可操作性和优越性，对实际工程具有指导意义和应用价值。

关键词：平原坡水区；梯级闸站；联合优化调度；NSGAⅡ算法；多属性评价决策

中图分类号：TV213.4文献标志码：A文章编号：16721683（2018）03013508

Research on joint optimal scheduling of cascade sluice stations in plain slope water are

FANG Guohua，LU Fanbiao，LIU Feifei，DING Ziyu，WEN Xin

（College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering，Hohai University，Nanjing 210098，China）

Abstract：This paper analyzed the characteristics of joint optimal scheduling system of cascade sluice stations in plain slope water area，and probed the reasonable joint optimization scheduling method，with a view to achieving the best social，economic，and ecological environmental benefits，and to providing a reference for the study of the joint optimal scheduling of a specific area and the formulation and implementation of the development plan of this area.We established a multiobjective joint optimal scheduling model for cascade sluice stations，and used NSGAⅡ algorithm to obtain a noninferior solution set，and then used the multiattribute decisionmaking for optimum scheme selection.The Yellow River and its southern area in Suqian city were chosen for a case study.The results demonstrated that compared to conventional scheduling，the joint optimal scheduling could reduce the rate of water shortage and improve the water supply capacity of the system by increasing the quantity of water delivery，and meanwhile reduce the waste water， make full use of water resources，and save the cost of water supply.The results proved that the multiobjective optimal joint operation model and solution method of cascade sluice stations in plain slope water area are quite maneuverable and superior，with guiding significance and application value in practical engineering.

Key words：plain slope water area；cascade sluice station；joint optimal scheduling；NSGAⅡalgorithm；multiattribute decisionmaking

随着经济的发展和人口的增加，水资源问题越来越突出，已严重地制约了地区、国家乃至全球的经济社会发展。目前我国面临着人均水资源占有量较少且水质污染日益加重等问题，面对未来有限的可供利用的水资源，研究和探讨水资源的优化调度问题，对于提高水资源利用效率、改善水生态与水环境质量、保障区域防洪除涝安全、促进社会经济的可持续发展具有重要意义。

本文研究的平原坡水区属于东部平原河网地区中一类特殊地形，具有一定坡度，但坡度较缓，水流从地势高处流向地势低处，为树状单向输水[1]。……