核电厂人因事件趋势分析和管理策略研究
2018-11-09廖祥令
廖祥令
【摘 要】随着核电技术的不断发展,核电设备的稳定性得到巨大提高,目前核电厂安全隐患暂时无设备问题引起,主要还是人因事件导致,通过研究核电厂人因事件的内在因素以及发生规律进行有效的控制和管理,成为核电厂安全运行的重要方向。从国内核电厂数据库看,不管是程序问题还是设备异常都是人因异常导致,通过对人因异常导致事故整个过程进行有效的分析,并对不同阶段的人因事件进行趋势分析,提出核电厂规范人因失效的措施,认为提高核电厂管理水平是解决核电厂事故的主要途径,重视安全教育可提高核电厂安全系数。
【关键词】核电厂;人因事件;人因失效;管理策略
中图分类号: TM623 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 2095-2457(2018)18-0227-002
DOI:10.19694/j.cnki.issn2095-2457.2018.18.103
【Abstract】With the continuous development of nuclear power technology, the stability of nuclear power equipment has been greatly improved. At present, the safety hidden danger of nuclear power plant is temporarily caused by no equipment problem. It is mainly caused by human events. It has become a nuclear power plant by studying the internal factors of the events of the nuclear power plant and the effective control and management of the occurrence of the nuclear power plant. The important direction of the whole operation. From the domestic nuclear power plant database, whether the program problem or the equipment abnormality is caused by human anomaly, through the effective analysis of the whole process of the accident caused by the person, and the trend analysis of the human cause of the events at different stages, this paper puts forward the measures to improve the management water of the nuclear power plant. Ping is the main way to solve the accidents in nuclear power plants. Safety education can improve the safety factor of nuclear power plants.
【Key words】Nuclear power plant;Human factors;Human factors failure;Management strategy
從人因管理思想模式出来以后,核电厂相关人员对人因事件进行分析和探讨,制定出一系列工具来规范人员的操作,并进行相关的培训和模拟,不断提升人员的综合素质,这种方式很快在核电行业完全展开,核电厂安全系数呈现上升趋势,减低了生产成本。我国步入核电行业后也引入人员管理思想模式,并不断进行实践和探索,在人员管理方法获得较大的成绩。
1 核电厂人员管理模式分析
相关数据表明,人因事件发生原因不仅是技能和知识点掌握有关,还与人体本身因素、工作环境、管理文化等各方面都会造成核电厂安全事故发生。人员失效只是潜在的问题,具有不可改变的特征,给核电厂安全问题按照了一个定时炸弹。……
