蓝莓繁殖技术的研究进展
2018-11-02严家驹黄作喜李强
严家驹 黄作喜 李强
摘 要:蓝莓在我国已有20多年的栽培历史,人们对蓝莓的种类特性、繁殖方式、栽培条件等已开展了一定的探究,但针对繁殖技术未进行系统的研究报道。该文在探讨蓝莓的生物学特性和生长习性的基础上,综述了蓝莓扦插、组织培养繁殖技术,包括基质准备、培养基配制、植物生长调节剂应用、扦插方法、培养条件、水肥管理、病虫害防治等,提出了今后蓝莓繁殖技术的研究重点方向,以期为蓝莓繁育及产业化发展提供参考。
关键词:蓝莓;扦插繁殖;组织培养;研究进展
中图分类号 S663.9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2018)14-0043-05
Research Progress of Breeding Technology in Semen Trigonellae
Yan Jiaju1 et al.
(1College of Life Science,Neijiang Normal University,Neijiang 641112,China)
Abstract:Semen Trigonellae has been cultivated in China for more than 20 years,its characteristics of variety,breeding method,and cultivation condition have been researched in the past few years. However,there were no systematic reports on breeding techniques. Based on the discussion of the biological characteristics and growth habits of Semen Trigonellae,we dicussed the technology of cutting and tissue culture propagation in Semen Trigonellae,including substrate preparation,medium preparation,application of plant growth regulators,cutting methods,culture conditions,water and fertilizer management,and pest control. Then put forward the research direction of breeding technology for Semen Trigonellae in the future,in order to provide reference for the development of Semen Trigonellae breeding and industrialization.
Key words:Semen Trigonellae;Cutting propagation;Tissue culture;Research progress
蓝莓(Semen Trigonellae),又名蓝浆果、越橘、笃柿、都柿、甸果,为杜鹃花科越橘属多年生落叶或常绿灌木或小灌木,主要分布于北美和欧洲[1]。当前商业种植的蓝莓品种以矮灌、半高灌、高灌和兔眼蓝莓4大类型为主。蓝莓果实的营养成分丰富,含有人体必需营养物质、维生素、花青素等。研究发现,内含的花青素和维生素等还原性物质可预防心血管疾病和眼部疾病,同时蓝莓中丰富的超氧化物歧化酶等抗氧化物具有防止人体衰老和癌变的功效[2]。随着蓝莓加工产業链的逐渐延伸,原料市场的需求不断增加,促进了蓝莓工厂化繁殖和大规模栽培的迅猛发展。
目前有关蓝莓的种类特性、繁殖方式、培养条件等已有了一定的研究和相关报道。但因蓝莓的种植方式多样,栽培要求严苛,繁殖培育要求高,目前对于蓝莓繁殖与栽培方面的系统研究与报道较少。……
