杨岚 杨玲 李邦耀 李海明 杨宁宁 包慧 靳磊

摘 要：以寧夏6个不同产地的中国沙棘叶片为材料，对其黄酮类物质的最佳提取工艺和抗氧化活性进行研究。采用超声波法提取沙棘叶片中的黄酮类物质，采用比色法对不同产地沙棘叶片中黄酮的含量及其抗氧化活性（DPPH自由基、铜离子还原能力和金属鳌合能力）进行测定分析。结果表明：不同产地沙棘叶片中黄酮含量差异显著（P<0.05），其中含量最高的为隆德县六盘山的中国沙棘，达到了566.09mg/100g，而彭阳县中国沙棘叶片中黄酮类物质含量最低，仅为151.58mg/100g；不同产地中国沙棘叶片黄酮提取物均具有一定的抗氧化活性，隆德县神林乡地区沙棘黄酮提取物对DPPH自由基清除能力最强，固原市中国沙棘黄酮提取物的铜离子还原能力最强，而其金属离子鳌合能力最强的为隆德县六盘山中国沙棘；中国沙棘叶片黄酮提取物具有良好的抗氧化活性，可作为天然抗氧化剂用于食品和医药，具有良好的开发应用前景。与此同时，不同产地中国沙棘叶片黄酮的含量及其抗氧化活性均存在显著性差异，因此，在中国沙棘开发利用时对优良种源的筛选非常必要。

关键词：沙棘叶；总黄酮；提取工艺；抗氧化

中图分类号 S793 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2018）14-0022-04

Study on Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Hippophae Rhamnoides from Different Areas in Ningxia

Yang Lan1 et al.

（Agriculture School of Ningxia University，Yinchuan 750021，China）

Abstract：With Hippophae rhamnoides L. subsp. sinensis leaves from 6 different producing areas in Ningxia as material，the project investigated the best extractive process and the antioxidant activity of the flavonoid substance. Ultrasonic method was adopted to extract the flavonoid substance in sea-buckthorn leaves，and colorimetric method was used to measure and analyze the content of flavonoid substance in sea-buckthorn leaves and the antioxidant activity （DPPH free radical，reduction capacity of cupric ion and metal-chelating capacity）. The content of the flavonoid substance in sea-buckthorn leaves of different producing areas has significant difference （P<0.05），among which the Chinese sea-buckthorn in Liupan Mountain of Longde County has the highest content of the flavonoid substance，reaching 566.09mg/100g，while the Chinese sea-buckthorn in Pengyang County has the lowest content of the flavonoid substance，reaching 151.58mg/100g. And the flavonoid substance in Chinese sea-buckthorn leaves from different producing areas have a certain antioxidant activity. The flavonoid extract in Chinese sea-buckthorn leaves in Shenlin District，Longde County has the strongest free radical scavenging capacity，the cupric ion in the flavonoid extract in Chinese sea-buckthorn leaves in Guyuan City has the strongest reduction capacity，while the flavonoid extract in Chinese sea-buckthorn leaves in Liupan Moutain of Longde County has the strongest metal-chelating capacity. The flavonoid extract in Chinese sea-buckthorn leaves has good antioxidant activity，therefore it can serve as natural antioxidant used in food and pharmaceutical industry. Furthermore，both the content of the flavonoid substance in Chinese sea-buckthorn leaves in different producing areas and the antioxidant activity have significant difference. Therefore，it is very necessary to screen excellent provenance in developing and utilizing Chinese sea-buckthorn.

Key words：Seabuckthorn leaves；Total flavonoids extraction process ；Antioxidant

中国沙棘（Hippophae rhamnoides L.subsp.sinensis）为胡颓子科（Elaeagnaceae）沙棘属（Hippophae）落叶性灌木，为药食同源植物。中国沙棘适应性强、生长快、耐干旱、抗风沙、保水土，还有很强的固氮能力，对生态起着很好的修复作用[1～2]。随着人们对合成抗氧化剂使用安全的质疑，寻找安全高效的天然抗氧化剂已成为食品添加剂的一个重要研究方向。而沙棘中含有丰富的黄酮类成分，以往对黄酮类物质提取的研究主要集中在果实和果渣中，而对黄酮含量更为丰富的沙棘叶研究却较少，但是沙棘叶资源丰富，一年四季均可采摘，干燥保存方便，加工提取技术相对简单，且用沙棘叶提取黄酮，不影响果实等的加工利用，具有更大的开发和应用的空间[3]。沙棘的根、茎、叶、花、果，含有丰富的营养物质和生物活性物质，可以广泛应用于食品、医药、轻工、航天、农牧渔业等国民经济的许多领域[4]。现代医学研究，沙棘可降低胆固醇，缓解心绞痛，还有防治冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的作用[5]。……