“微胡同”，北京，中国

2018-10-27建筑设计标准营造

世界建筑 2018年10期

建筑设计：标准营造

在传统北京胡同院落的局促空间中，“微胡同”项目以35m2的主体建筑面积，进行了极小尺度的居住实验。

设计将庭院回归到流线组织的重心，通过将活动空间引入到建筑内部庭院，来创造与城市文脉的直接联系。庭院不仅提升了内部空气与光线的流动，也联结着形式多样的方形体量及面向城市的门廊。这个灵活的城市居住空间成为位于较私密生活空间与具城市性的街道间的过渡空间，同时也成为可供“微胡同”居民及社区邻居共同使用的半公共空间。

“微胡同”建筑主体是由墨汁混凝土现场浇筑而成——墨汁与混凝土按一定比例调配，使得材料最终呈现一种特有的色调。提升和改善胡同空间的生活条件是“微胡同”的设计核心之一。现代中央空调系统服务整个主体建筑的同时，房间中都布置了地暖，这使得即使在寒冷的北京冬季，使用者都可以在舒适的建筑室内环境中，透过整体透明的房间立面，欣赏户外景致。建筑屋顶设计了3个可机械控制开启的天窗，每个房间侧面也设置了开启扇，由此保证了建筑室内的自然通风。

在提升空间品质的同时，“微胡同”在空间形态上延续了传统胡同院落的尺度感，并强化了空间的社会属性。□

The goal of this project, a house of 35m2, is to study possibilities of creating social housing on ultra-small scale within the limitations of excessively small traditional hutong spaces of Beijing.

The result is an architectural operation that brings back the courtyard as a generator of the programme, as it activates the building by creating a direct relationship with its urban context. Apart from enhancing the flow of air and light, the courtyard creates a direct relationship between the living space contained in dynamic volumes and an urban vestibule in the front part of the building. This flexible urban living room acts as a transitional zone from the private rooms to the street, while serving as a semipublic space to be used by both the inhabitants of the house and the neighbours of the community.

The main body of the project was on-site cast by the concrete mixed with Chinese ink, including mini living spaces with a shared courtyard, which is a public area with two trees faced by five inward staggered rooms. As part of the design to improve the quality of life in the hutong, the main building is supported by the central air-conditioning system,with radiant floor in each room to provide a comfortable interior situation against the severely cold winter weather in Beijing, when a dramatic view is framed by the entirely transparent facade of every room. Besides the three operable skylights on the roof, all the rooms give possibilities to natural ventilation allowing the fresh air flow to circulate through the whole building.

"Micro Hutong" inherits the intimate scale of the traditional hutong, revitalising its social condensing capabilities with spatial improvements.□