摘要：旅游扶贫是解决旅游资源丰富型地区贫困问题的有效途径，水寨乡位于隆阳区东北部，怒山山脉支脉凤溪山和哀牢山中，东北以我省著名旅游城市大理仅一江之隔，江上横跨的是自西汉闻名至今被誉为西南第一桥的“霁虹桥”。2000多年前，中原文化自此桥传入永昌大地，与当地文化慢慢融合，逐渐形成了独具特色的中原汉文化和边域民族风情相结合的“永昌文化”，水寨当之无愧为地理位置上的“永昌文化第一乡”。，水寨良好的生态环境和悠久的历史文化底蕴融于一身，适合发展以休闲养生、文化体验感受于一体的生态文化旅游。优越的地理环境和人文底蕴，使水寨旅游成为脱贫攻坚战役中重要的利器。本文通过对水寨乡旅游扶贫的优势、劣势和机遇，提出应以古村落保护为目标建设生态旅游，开发特色旅游扶贫产品，发挥政府引导和扶持作用。

关键词：水寨；旅游扶贫；开发研究

Abstract：the tourism poverty alleviation is solving the problem of poverty in rich in tourism resources type areas，the effective ways of water village township is located in the northeast long Yang district，branch phoenix mountain stream and the ailaoshan NuShan mountains，a famous tourist city in our province in northeast China Dali，the only across the river is since the western han dynasty famous was regarded as the first bridge southwest of "ji hong qiao. More than 2000 years ago，the central plains culture since then bridge to yongchang，with local cultural fusion slowly，gradually formed a unique Chinese culture of the central plains and frontiers nationality amorous feelings "yongchang culture"，combining the water village worthy for geographical "yongchang culture first township". With a good ecological environment and a long history and cultural heritage，the water village is suitable for the development of eco-cultural tourism with a combination of leisure and health and cultural experience. The superior geographical environment and the cultural heritage make it an important weapon in the battle of poverty alleviation. This article through to the water village township tourism poverty alleviation of strengths，weaknesses and opportunities，target should be defined to protect the ancient villages construction of ecological tourism，the development of special tourism product for poverty alleviation，give play to the role of government guidance and support.

Key words：water tourism，tourism，poverty alleviation，research.

1、前言

旅游扶貧是在旅游资源条件较好的贫困地区通过扶持旅游发展带动地区经济发展，进而脱贫致富的一种区域经济发展模式[1]，是一种投入少、效果好、返贫率低的新型扶贫方式[2]。尤其近年来国际社会提出 “面向贫困人口的旅游”（Pro-Poor Tourism，简称 PPT[3]和 “消除贫困的可持续旅游”（Sustainable Tourism-Eliminating Poverty，简称ST-EP[4]以来，旅游开发成为消除贫困的重要方式，借鉴国外经验，我国从80年代开展了旅游扶贫的工作，一些贫困地区通过开发旅游资源实现了脱贫致富。因此，旅游扶贫被认为是旅游资源型贫困地区最好的脱贫致富途径[5]，而社区居民直接参与到旅游业中是贫困地区实现旅游扶贫的有效途径。……