一种无气流引导式振动流化技术
2018-10-21陈林才欧阳八生孙旭阳
陈林才 欧阳八生 孙旭阳
摘 要:目前国内外广泛应用的振动流化技术,基本以振动方式为主和热风引导辅助进行输送及干燥。该技术最先应用于化工、食品、医药和饲料等行业,近年来在烟花行业的火药和亮珠干燥中也开始得到实际运用。文章针对颗粒状烟花开苞药干燥的特殊性和输送时存在的问题,介绍了一种无气流引导式振动流化技术,采用热水循环加热的方式干燥物料,并对该技术的振动原理和相关特征参数进行了分析,它能满足烟花开苞药振动流化干燥过程中洁净度和安全性的需要。
关键词:振动流化技术;开苞药;无气流;热水循环
Abstract:At present, vibration fluid technology is widely used at home and abroad,it is mainly based on the mode of vibration and assisted by hot wind guide for conveying and drying. The technology was first used in the industries of chemical, food, pharmaceutical and feed. In recent years, the gunpowder and bright beads in the fireworks industry have also begun to be used in practice to dry. This paper is aimed at the particularity of the drying of granule fireworks and the problems existing in the transportation, presents a vibration guided fluidization technique without air flow was introduced, and using the mode of hot water circulation to heat to dry material. It has analysed the principle of the technology and related parameters, which can meet the safety needs clarity and clean fireworks our medicine vibration fluidized drying process.
Key words:Vibration fluidized bed;Fireworks medicine for fireworks; without airflow; hot water circulation
傳统的烟花开苞药[1]是由多种超细(粒径<74um)的化工原料直接由手工混制而成的具有爆炸性能的粉末状混合物,其制造过程既不安全又不环保;新型的颗粒状烟花开苞药(粒度30-40目,约0.35-0.5mm),它是把各种超细原料与酒精胶溶液通过专业搅拌机湿式搅拌后,再进行滚挤造粒,最后干燥而得到,其制造过程有利于自动化设备安全和洁净生产,已通过专业评估验证。
传统的粉末状烟花开苞药的干燥主要采用箱式干燥,近年来,针对烟花火药和亮珠的干燥有开始采用振动流化干燥,但颗粒状烟花开苞药与火药和亮珠存在很大的差异性,一方面,起始反应温度差别很大:黑火药的起始反应温度在220℃左右[2],且具有燃爆性:亮珠的燃烧温度一般在750~1050℃[3],无爆炸性;开苞药的起始反应温度低于这两种,且静电感度和摩擦感度更低,伤害力更大;另一方面,粒度大小存在差异:火药的造粒粒度为1-2mm,亮珠的粒度为5-8mm,开苞药的粒度小于0.6mm;基于以上原因,颗粒状烟花开苞药的干燥过程的安全生产要求更严,设备设计和制造更加困难,因此,针对颗粒状烟花开苞药的性能特征,研究一种能满足安全性和洁净性要求的新型的振动流化干燥技术是必要的。……
