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基于不同文化背景的农民宅基地流转意愿分析

2018-09-14张昺杨威段建南

湖北农业科学 2018年12期

张昺 杨威 段建南

摘要:通过结构式深度访谈、归纳和解释(定性)与Logistic回归分析(定量)结合,剖析了不同文化背景的农民宅基地流转意愿,实证测度农村宅基地流转主体人群特征。结果表明,①山西省农民宅基地流转意愿强于湖南省;②山西省宅基地流转主要人群特征为女性,经济能力和文化程度较低,但支出较高;湖南省宅基地流转主要人群主要特征为有一定经济能力,不满足于务农收入;③限制山西省农民宅基地流转的主要问题有保障、教育、医疗以及环境问题;限制湖南省农民宅基地流转的主要问题是经济收入问题。不同地区农村宅基地流转主体特征不同,应当针对性地制定符合当地主要流转人群需求的流转政策。

关键词:宅基地流转;农民意愿;湖南省;山西省

中图分类号:F301.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2018)12-0140-05

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.12.035

Abstract: This paper is analysis the farmers willingness to transfer the homestead in different regions, and then empirical measure the characteristics of the main groups, through methods of structured depth interview, induction and interpretation (Qualitative) and Logic regression analysis(Quantitative). The results showed that, ①Farmers homestead transfer in Shanxi Province will be stronger than in Hunan province; ②The characteristics of homestead transfer main groups in Shanxi Province were female, their economic capability and cultural level is relatively low, but spending is higher; in hunan province they have certain economic ability, not content with the farming income; ③Limit of shanxi farmers homestead transfer of the main problems are protection, education, health and environmental issues; limit of hunan peasant economic income is the main issue. Characteristics of the different parts of the rural homestead transfer main body groups are different, should be targeted to increase according to the local main flow crowd demand flow policy.

Key words: homestead transfer; farmers willingness; Hunan province; Shanxi province

農村宅基地是农民生产和生活综合功能的承载体[1,2],也是农民最重要的财产之一,为农民生产生活提供最基本的居住保障[3]。近年来中国经济的高速增长,农民收入整体性的提高,导致了农民对住房需求的不断提高。农村出现了建房热,但发展的背后也带来了旧房不拆、新房闲置、新村无序的现象,同时,农村人口大规模迁移,宅基地利用出现规模大、面积超标、一户多宅、闲置低效利用以及频繁的隐形交易等现象[4-6]。为加快宅基地制度改革,党中央于2015年正式出台《关于农村土地征收、集体经营性建设用地入市、宅基地制度改革试点工作的意见》,对包括宅基地在内的“三块地”改革进行了顶层设计,指出在坚持“三条底线”前提下,鼓励探索有偿退出或转让宅基地的有效方式[7]。……

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