词汇短语园地

1. appeal v. 恳求；呼吁

搭配：

（1） appeal to sb （for sth） （为某事）呼吁/恳请某人

He appealed to his friends for help.

他向朋友们请求帮助。

（2） appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳请某人做某事

The police appealed to the crowd to keep calm.

警察呼吁群众保持冷静。

（1） appeal v. 上诉；有吸引力

搭配：

1） appeal against sth 不服某事而上诉

He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.

他对被判五年有期徒刑提出上诉。

2） appeal to sb 迎合某人的爱好；吸引某人

The idea appealed to Mary.

这主意正合玛丽的心意。

（2） appeal n. 呼吁，恳求；上诉；吸引力

The country has made an appeal for help to the world.

那个国家向世界求助。

The new fashion soon lost its appeal.

这种新潮流很快就失去了吸引力。

2. loss n. 丢失；丧失

The loss of her purse caused her much inconvenience.

丢失钱包给她带来了诸多不便。

The loss of income for the government is about $250 million a month.

政府收入每月大概减少2.5亿美元。

3. seek v. 寻找；寻求

We sought （for） an answer to the question， but couldnt find one.

我们寻求这个问题的答案，可是没能找到。

Most men seek wealth； all men seek happiness.

大多数人寻求财富，每个人都追求幸福。

seek advice/help/permission 征求建议/寻求帮助/征求同意

seek fame 追求名利

seek ones fortune 寻找致富（或成功）的机会

seek for/after 寻求；追求

seek sth from sb 向某人寻求某物

seek to do sth 试图做某事

辨析：

比较seek，find和search

（1） seek“寻找；探索”，一般用于抽象意义，有时也表示渴望得到某一具体的东西，是比较正式的书面用语。它既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，作不及物动词表“寻找；探索”时，既可接after也可接for。

（2） find“找到”，强调“寻找”的结果。

（3） search“搜寻；搜查”，后接要搜查的场所；后接人时指“搜身”。

4. blame n. （对错事或坏事应付的）责任

搭配：

（1） accept/bear/take the blame for sth 对某事负责任

You must bear the blame for the accident.

你必须承担造成这次事故的责任。

We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.

我们愿对所发生的事负责。

（2） put/lay the blame on sb （将某事）归咎于某人

Shell put the blame on us if it turns out badly.

如果结果糟糕，她将会怪罪于我们。

He is trying to lay the blame on me.

他企图把责任推给我。

blame v. 责备；指责；把……归咎于

搭配：

（1） blame sb for sth/doing sth 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事

Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.

许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误受到责备。

He blamed his teachers for his failure.

他把自己的失敗归咎于他的老师。

（2） blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人

The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.

警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。

Its no use blaming our defeat on him.

把我们的失败归罪在他头上是没用的。

（3） be to blame （for sth） （对坏事）负有责任

注意：此处不能用被动语态。

The children were not to blame for the accident.

那次事故怪不着孩子们。

He is more to blame than you.

是他更应受责备，而不是你。

Who is to blame for starting the fire？

这场火灾该由谁负责？

5. leave for 出发去某地

（1）“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”

Next Friday， Alice is leaving for London.

下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦。

He left for the front two weeks ago.

两星期前，他出发去了前线。

（2）“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”

Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing？

你为什么要离开上海去北京？

6. lead to 导致，通向，通往

All roads lead to Rome.

条条道路通罗马。

Under given conditions， a bad thing can lead to good results.

在一定条件下，一件坏事可以导致好的结果。

An ordinary cold can soon lead to a fever.

一场普通的感冒很快便会引起高烧。

辨析：

比较lead to 和result in

Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.

This investment program will lead to the creation of new jobs.

从以上句子可以看到，lead to的主语（即引起事情发生的主动方）多是一个动态的动作或计划，其宾语（即被引起的事情）无严格的消极与积极之分，而且多用于描述客观的可能性和对未来的预测。

The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.

These policies resulted in many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship.

从以上句子可以看到，result in的主语多是静态、客观的一件事或物，其宾语通常是不良或消极的结果，而且多用于描述已经发生的事件。

7. take up 从事，开始做（某项工作）

After he retired from office， Rogers took up painting for a while， but soon lost interest.

罗杰斯退休以后开始画画，但没多久就失去兴趣了。

He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English.

他开始学习英语之前已经学了一年半日语。

We took up physical chemistry at college.

在大学我们选学了物理化学课。

The scientist has taken up a new subject.

这位科学家已经开始研究一个新的课题。

（1） take up （time/space） 占用（时间）/占据（空间）

That big table takes up too much room.

那张大桌子占的地方太大了。

Learning English takes up a lot of my time.

学英语占了我许多时间。

That boy took my time up with his questions.

那个男孩的问题浪费了我的时间。

（2） take up 继续；接着讲

We took up our journey the next day.

第二天我们继续赶路。

This chapter takes up where the last one left off.

本章继续上一章谈到的内容。

（3） take up 接纳（乘客等）；接受（挑战、建议、条件等）

The bus stopped to take up passengers.

公共汽車停下来让乘客上车。

He has taken up the bet.

他已接受打赌的条件。

（4） take up 提出（商讨），讨论

Theres another matter which we ought to take up.

還有一件事我们要提出来商量。

Does He Bite？

Mike： We have got a new dog. Would you like to come around and play with him？

John： Well， I dont know—does he bite？

Mike： Thats what I want to find out.

跟踪导练

阅读理解

A

He lived his whole life as a poor man. His art and talent were recognized by almost no one. He suffered from a mental illness that led him to cut off part of his left ear in 1888 and to shoot himself two years later. But after his death， he achieved world fame. Today， Dutch artist van Gogh is recognized as one of the leading artists of all time.

The Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam， home to the biggest collection of his masterpieces， draws around 1.3 million visitors every year. Some people enjoy the art and then learn about his life. Others are first interested in his life， which then helps them understand his art.

Van Gogh was the son of a minister. He left school when he was just 15. By the age of 27， he had already tried many jobs including an art gallery salesman and a French teacher. Finally in 1880， he decided to begin his studies in art.

Van Gogh is famed for his ability to put his own emotions （情感） into his paintings and show his feelings about a scene. His style is marked by short， broad brush strokes （绘画笔法）. “Instead of trying to reproduce exactly what I have before my eyes， I use colour more freely， in order to express myself more forcibly，” he wrote in a letter to his brother in 1888.

Van Gogh sold only one painting during his short life. He relied heavily on support from his brother， an art dealer who lived in Paris. But now his works are sold for millions of dollars. His Portrait of Dr. Gachet sold for $82.5 million in 1990. “I think his paintings are powerful and the brilliant colours in them are attractive to people，” said a van Goghs fan.

1. Van Gogh killed himself because of ___ .

A. his illness

B. the poor life

C. his pain from the left ear

D. the pressure from his job

2. What can we learn about the Van Gogh Museum？

A. It is the home of van Goghs works.

B. It attracts around 1.3 billion visitors every year.

C. It has the biggest collection of van Goghs works.

D. It is popular for people to see works of famous persons.

3. What is one of the characteristics of van Goghs paintings？

A. The richness of colors.

B. The special strokes he made.

C. The various styles mixed together.

D. The likeness between his paintings and the reality.

4. What does the passage mainly talk about？

A. Van Goghs works

B. Van Goghs early life

C. Van Goghs later life

D. Van Goghs whole life

B

The works of Shakespeare and Wordsworth are boosters （助推器） to the brain and better than some guide books， researchers said.

Scientists， psychologists and English experts at Liverpool University have found that reading the works of Shakespeare and other classical writers has a beneficial effect on the mind， catches the readers attention and triggers moments of self-reflection. Using scanners （掃描仪器）， they monitored the brain activity of volunteers as they read works by William Shakespeare， William Wordsworth， T.S. Eliot and other classical writers.

They then “translated” the original texts into more “straightforward” modern language and again monitored the readers brains as they read the words. Scans showed that the more “challenging” essays and poetry set off far more electrical activity in the brain than the much plainer versions. Scientists were able to study the brain activity as it responded to each word and record how it “lit up” as the readers encountered unusual words， surprising phrases or difficult sentence structures. This “lighting up” of the mind lasts longer， shifting （转动） the brain to a higher speed， encouraging further reading.

The research also found that reading poetry， in particular， increases activity in the right side of the brain， helping readers to reflect on their own experiences， which they compare with what they have read. This， according to the researchers， meant that the classical works were more useful than guide books.

Philip Davis， an English professor， believes “The research shows the power of literature to shift thinking patterns， to create new thoughts， shapes and connections in the young and adults alike.”

5. According to the text， reading classical works can ___ .

A. improve our reading skills

B. benefit our mind and thinking

C. help learn more about history

D. help deal with physical problems

6. How did the scientists and experts do the experiment？

A. By learning the habits of the readers.

B. By reading works of different writers.

C. By scanning the readers brain activities.

D. By lighting up the activities of the brains.

7. What can we learn about reading poetry from Paragraph 4？

A. It has the same effects as reading guide books.

B. Its concerned with the right side of the brain.

C. It helps readers learn more difficult grammar.

D. It makes readers forget about their troubles.

8. What is the authors purpose in writing the text？

A. To present a study on brain activities.

B. To show the power of classical literature.

C. To introduce a research on reading classics.

D. To appreciate what great writers in England have done.

閱读七选五

Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations. They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10，000 years ago. 1

The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. 2 So they are called “diseases of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of these.

Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco， probably none. 3 However， a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.

Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat， which had much less fat than domestic ones. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy products， and they made very little use of grains. 4 We eat six times more salt than our ancestors. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.

5 But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way the ancient people did， cutting the amount of fatty， salty and sweet food.

A. Stone Age people lived a simple life.

B. But today， we enjoy eating a lot of these.

C. In that case， they would be much healthier.

D. Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise.

E. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.

F. Modern people used to suffer from “diseases of civilization”.

G. People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

完形填空

The story goes that some time ago， a man had a very lovely little daughter. One day， the man 1 his 3-year-old daughter for a roll of gold wrapping paper. Money was tight and he became 3 when the child tried to decorate a 4 to put under the Christmas tree. 5 ， the little girl brought the gift to her 6 the next morning and said， “This is for you， Daddy.”

The man was 7 at that moment by his earlier 8 ， but his anger flared again when he found out the box was 9 . He yelled at her， stating， “Dont you know， when you give someone a present， there is 10 to be something inside？” The little girl looked 11 at him with tears in her eyes and cried， “Oh， Daddy， its not empty 12 . I blew kisses into the box. They are all for you， Daddy.”

The father was crushed. He 13 his arms around his little girl， and he begged for her 14 . Only a short time later， an 15 took the life of the child. It is also told that her father kept that gold box by his bed for many 16 and whenever he was discouraged， he would take out a（n） 17 kiss and remember the love of the child who had put it there. In a very real sense， each one of us， as human beings， has been given a gold container 18 with unconditional love and kisses…from our children， family members， friends and the God. There is simply no other 19 ， anyone could hold， more than this.

1. A. asked B. praised C. begged D. punished

2. A. wasting B. stealing C. selling D. holding

3. A. glad B. angry C. sad D. upset

4. A. room B. hall C. box D. ball

5. A. Nevertheless B. Thus C. Therefore D. Also

6. A. father B. mother C. teacher D. sister

7. A. puzzled B. surprised C. scared D. embarrassed

8. A. overwork B. overpass C. overcoat D. overreaction

9. A. empty B. heavy C. full D. wet

10. A. happened B. seemed C. supposed D. used

11. A. down B. back C. up D. forward

12. A. at all B. after all C. above all D. in all

13. A. put B. turned C. handed D. gave

14. A. kindness B. forgiveness C. sadness D. carelessness

15. A. event B. adventure C. accident D. action

16. A. days B. months C. nights D. years

17. A. imaginary B. kind C. gentle D. warm

18. A. filled B. pleased C. crowded D. equipped

19. A. world B. feeling C. possession D. love

20. A. expensive B. precious C. comfortable D. interesting

語法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

“If youre talking to me in a noisy restaurant and my nerve system is good at locking onto the sound of your voice， I can understand you say better.”

The research at Northwestern University shows that playing a （music） instrument is good for your brain. And the brain remembers how to “lock onto” the important sounds， although our ears may not work well as we age， and that helps us to hear better.

A scientist， living in France twenty years ago， （write） about what he called the “Mozart Effect”. He said that it could be helpful to the brain when （listen） to the classical music of Mozart. Some （research） said that Mozarts music would make you much （smart）， or even have some health disorders （cure）. Others said that there was nothing special about Mozarts music. Any kind of high energy music would work. So if the cost of a musical instrument or music lessons is too costly， can we get same brain experience just by listening？

Usually people have teachers， or they can teach themselves music. However， the point is that theyre （active） playing a musical instrument and engaging in making music instead listening to music passively.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

短文改錯

Before lunch Allen happened to see a man fished in a water hole about five metre outside a bar. Allen was stopped curiously. All people passing the man who was fishing regarded him like a foolish man. Allens heart went out to him. He said kindly to fish-catcher， “Hello， will you please do me a favor but have a drink with me in the bar？” The man gladly accepted her invitation. After buying the man several cups of soft-drinks， Allen asked， “You are fishing there， right？ May I know how much fish you have caught this morning？” “You are number 8，” said the man humorous.