庞博　孙雪峰

摘 要：目的 探讨脑电双频指数检测在老年患者全麻手术中的应用价值。方法 将2016年5月～2017年4月在我院择期行全麻手术治疗的78例老年患者随机分为试验组和对照组，每组39例。试验组麻醉期期间根据脑电双频指数检测结果进行麻醉调节，对照组麻醉期间根据生命体征变化进行麻醉调节。比较两组患者插管前后5 min的血压、心率状况、麻醉苏醒时间、拔管时间以及术后1周内的认知功能障碍发生情况。结果 两组患者插管前5 min的血压、心率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05），试验组患者插管后5 min的血压、心率较对照组患者平稳，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组患者麻醉苏醒时间（6.19±1.12）min、拔管時间（10.98±1.25）min均少于对照组患者麻醉苏醒时间（10.80±1.09）min、拔管时间（15.52±1.20）min，组间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组患者术后1周内的认知功能障碍发生率为2.56%，低于对照组的15.38%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对老年全麻手术患者实施脑电双频指数检测，能够有效减轻麻醉对患者机体循环造成应激反应，提高患者的麻醉安全性。

关键词：脑电双频指数；老年患者；全麻手术；生命体征；安全性

中图分类号：R614 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.10.033

文章编号：1006-1959（2018）10-0107-03

Analysis of the Value of Bispectral Index of EEG in Elderly Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia

PANG Bo，SUN Xue-feng

（Department of Anesthesiology，Jiamusi Central Hospital，Jiamusi 154002，Heilongjiang，China）

Abstract：Objective To evaluate the value of bispectral index of EEG in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.Methods From May 2016 to April 2017，78 elderly patients undergoing elective general anesthesia in our hospital were randomly divided into trial group and control group with 39 cases in each group.During the anesthesia period of the experimental group，the anesthesia was adjusted according to the detection result of the bispectral index of the brain，and during the anesthesia of the control group，the anesthesia was adjusted according to the change of the vital signs.The blood pressure，heart rate，anesthesia resuscitation time， extubation time，and cognitive dysfunction within 1 week after the intubation were compared between the two groups before and after intubation of 5 min.Results There was no significant difference in blood pressure and heart rate between the two groups before the intubation（P>0.05）.The blood pressure and heart rate at 5 min after intubation were stable in the experimental group compared with the control group，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The awakening time（6.19±1.12）min and the extubation time （10.98±1.25）min in the experimental group were all less than those in the control group（10.80±1.09）minand the extubation time （15.52±1.20）min，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The incidence of cognitive dysfunction within one week after surgery in the experimental group was 2.56%，which was lower than that in the control group 15.38%，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion The detection of bispectral index in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia can effectively reduce the stress response caused by anesthesia to the patient's circulation and improve the patient's anesthetic safety.

Key words：Bispectral index of EEG；Elderly patients；General anesthesia；Vital signs；Safety

全身麻醉为我国临床应用十分广泛的一种麻醉方式，也是麻醉风险最高的一种麻醉方式[1]。老年患者由于身体各项器官的机能处于不断衰退的状态，加之多合并患有高血压、高血脂等基础疾病，故对手术和麻醉的耐受能力均较差，麻醉风险明显高于青年患者[2]。这就要求在对老年患者实施全身麻醉时，维持合适的麻醉深度，保障患者的麻醉安全性。较长一段时间内，麻醉医师主要根据各种参数的变化或临床麻醉经验进行麻醉调节，麻醉深度难以控制。近年来，脑电双频指数检测在临床麻醉中得到应用，該种麻醉方式能够为麻醉医师调节麻醉深度提供较客观的参考依据。为了进一步明确该技术在老年全麻手术中的应用效果，我院开展了课题研究，现报道如下。