山地梯田生态果园沼气池建设管理及生产效益评价
2018-08-14吴亚群
吴亚群
摘要 通过对庄浪梯田化县山地梯田生态果园建设及投入产出情况典型调查和分析,应用项目决策与评价财务分析方法对农户生态果园沼气池建设管理和生产效益进行经济评价。结果表明,8 m3沼气池动态投资回收期为3.29年,财务净现值为16.72万元,内部收益率为34.1%,具有良好的经济效益,为贫困山区梯田发展生态农业提供了典例。
关键词 山地梯田;生态果园;沼气池;建设管理;效益评价
中图分类号 S216.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739(2018)11-0180-03
Abstract Through the typical investigation and analysis of the construction and input-output situation of the ecological orchard in the terraced fields Zhuanglang County of Terrace,the project decision-making and evaluation financial analysis methods were used to economically evaluate the management and production efficiency of the farmers′ ecological orchard biogas digesters. The results showed that the dynamic investment recovery period of the 8 m3 biogas digester was 3.29 years, with a financial net present value of 167 200 yuan and an internal rate of return of 34.1%.It had good economic benefits and provided a good example for the development of ecological agriculture in poor mountainous terraces.
Key words mountain terrace;ecological orchard;biogas digester;construction management;benefit evaluation
庄浪县地处六盘山西麓,全境地形主要为黄土丘陵沟壑区和河谷川台地,其中黄土丘陵沟壑区占全县土地总面积的63.3%,相对高差在150~300 m之间,河谷侵蚀强烈,水土流失严重;河谷川臺地主要分布在庄浪河、水洛河河谷阶地和葫芦河河谷盆地,海拔在1 400~1 700 m之间,占全县土地总面积的4.7%。
庄浪县山地梯田苹果栽培主要在阳坡或半阳坡、半阴坡,属温带半干旱大陆性季风气候带,多年平均降水量548.7 mm,降水集中在7—9月,占全年降水量的56.6%。多年平均蒸发量1 310.2 mm,年平均气温为7.9 ℃,最热7月平均气温为19.9 ℃,极端最高气温34.8 ℃,多年平均≥10 ℃积温2 640 ℃,年均日照时数2 197 h,无霜期142 d。该区梯田地面平整,田面纵横坡比<1%,土壤耕作层深厚、较肥沃。土壤主要有黑土、麻土和黄绵土等,土壤含有机质1.04%~1.13%、全氮0.070%~0.077%、速效磷4 mg/kg、速效钾143~153 mg/kg。区域海拔较高、昼夜温差大、光热资源丰富、土层深厚、土质疏松,是果树的适生区,目前该区已成为平凉市乃至黄土高原苹果主要栽培区之一。
梯田是改善干旱山区农业生产条件、提高土地产出率的重要途径。……
