How to Give Directions如何给人指路
2018-08-04徐晨晓
徐晨晓
无论你是要告诉别人如何去你的家或指引陌生人去某个地方，你都应该知道如何给他们指路。你要以他人最容易理解的方式去指路，你还必须与对方有效地沟通，选择最合适的路线，以帮助人们顺利到达目的地。
Guiding Them by Landmarks1 and Drive Times
通过地标和时长来指路
1. Picture yourself going along the route2 with them.
Most people follow directions best when theyre given in “route perspective3，” which focuses on describing what youll see along the way and the travel time between these landmarks. If you were in the car or walking alongside the person， think of how youd point out the route （“Turn right at the big church over here， and then well go that way for about five minutes...”） and use that to guide how you give the directions.
1. 想象自己和他们一起走这条路。
大多数人在“路线视角”指向时最容易找到方向。路线视角指向主要是描述沿途所看到的东西以及这些地标之间所需的时长。如果你和对方一起乘车，或者一起走，想想你要怎么指出路线（“在这座大教堂右转，然后我们走大约五分钟……”），然后用这种方式来指路。
2. Tell the person about important and hard-to-miss landmarks.
Landmarks will give the person an idea of the progress theyre making. Theyll also let the person know if theyre still on the path you advised them to take. So， for instance， “Go this way for a couple minutes until the old post office with the big metal dome4 is on your left； then turn left and go for about 5 minutes until you see a McDonalds...”
2. 告诉人们重要且不易错过的地标。
地标会使人了解他们目前的进度，也会让他们知道自己是否还在你给他们指的那条路上。因此，可以向这样指路：“这样走几分钟，直到在你的左边看到有金属大圆顶的旧邮局；然后左转，走大约5分钟，直到你看到一个麦当劳……”
3. Specify5 whether something is on the left or right of the road.
Dont take for granted6 that the person knows what side of the road a turn， a landmark， or their destination will be on. To avoid getting the person lost， always specify which side of the street they need to either turn on or look for a landmark on.
3. 详细说明有什么在道路的左边或右边。
不要想当然地认为对方知道拐弯、地标或他们的目的地在路的哪一边。为了避免让人找不着北，要为他们指明他们需要在道路的哪一边转弯或寻找地标。
4. Provide travel time estimates7 for the whole trip and each component8 of it.
Specify the how much time the whole trip will take. In addition， specify how much time certain segments of the trip will take. This will give the person an idea of when they need to be ready to take a turn， etc. For example， “The whole trip takes about 10 minutes. Youll turn left here and go for about 3 minutes until...”
4. 告知整个路程和每段路程預计需要的时长。
说清楚整个路程要花多少时间。另外，详细说明其中某段路程要花费的时间。这会让人对什么时候需要转弯等心中有数。例如：“整个行程大约需要10分钟。你从这里向左拐然后走大约3分钟，直到……”