汽车刹车制动盘形状优化设计
2018-07-24陈再发
陈再发



摘 要:针对摩擦热效应等因素引起汽车刹车制动器性能不足的问题,依据动力学原理的固有频率理论,首先运用OptiStruct仿真软件对不同材料属性的盘式刹车片进行模态分析,其次是基于HyperMorph对制动盘进行预变形定义并以此作为形状优化的设计变量,通过OptiStruct优化求解器计算出盘式制动盘的最佳结构形状,最后对设计变量灵敏度进行分析,给出对优化结果影响最大的设计变量并进行了针对性的改进。设计方法对提高刹车制动系统的性能、降低制动噪音和减小振动有着重要意义。
关键词:
OptiStruct软件;盘式制动系统;模态分析;形状优化
DOI:10.15938/j.jhust.2018.03.022
中图分类号: TH164
文献标志码: A
文章编号: 1007-2683(2018)03-0128-05
Shape Optimization Design of Brake System Based on Opti Struct
CHEN Zai-fa
(Zhejiang International Martime College, Zhoushan 316021, China)
Abstract:Due to friction heat effect or severe vibration and other factors, the performance of automobile brake is insufficient, according to natural frequency theory of the principle of dynamics, Firstly, the simulation software of OptiStruct is used to analyze the disc brake pads with different material properties, Secondly, the pre deformation of brake disc is defined based on HyperMorph and used as the design variable of shape optimization, through the OptiStruct optimization solver to calculate the best shape of disc brake disc type, Finally, the sensitivity of the design variables is analyzed, and the design variables which have the greatest impact on the optimization results are given. The design results are significant to improve the performance of brake system, reduce braking noise and reduce vibration.
Keywords:optistruct software; disc brake system; modal analysis; shape optimization
0 引 言
剎车制动系统是汽车构造中的重要组成部分,刹车片和制动盘在行驶过程中通过接触摩擦作用可使汽车减速及停止,复杂的路况需制动系统具有良好的动态性能,防止摩擦热效应或剧烈振动等因素引起刹车制动器性能不足,甚至出现疲劳失效。为了改善刹车制动系统的动态性能,延长使用寿命,已有国内外学者对刹车制动系统中的刹车片或制动盘做了研究。如周志勇、樊启蕴等[1]在1998年对汽车盘式制动器中制动盘的热应力弹性及高温失效机理和寿命进行了计算仿真和研究;王良模等[2]于2003年通过对盘式制动器主要零部件和总成进行了有限元计算,分析它们在各工况下的应力分布状态;周丰等[3]于2014年在液压盘式刹车上引入ABS技术以提高操作稳定性、缩短制动时间与距离。……
