我国中医人力资源配置现状及公平性研究
2018-07-12吴化宇高彩云刘玉丁国武
吴化宇 高彩云 刘玉 丁国武
摘要:目的 从数量、质量和配置公平性等方面分析我国中医执业(助理)医师的现状,并探讨当前人才队伍建设中的问题,为政府管理部门决策提供依据。方法 描述性分析我国2010年和2015年中医执业(助理)医师的数量、学历、职称、年龄等基本情况及其变化,采用基尼系数评价我国2010年和2015年中医执业(助理)医师配置情况。结果 2010-2015年,我国中医执业(助理)医师数量上升了53.7%。在人员素质方面,本科以上学历从38.6%上升至44.2%,高级职称人员占比略有增加;在年龄结构方面,我国25岁以下、35~59岁年龄段中医类执业(助理)医师中人员所占比例减少,25~34岁与60岁以上的中医类执业(助理)医师所占比例有所上升。从公平性角度而言,各省级行政区间中医执业(助理)医师配置水平存在差异,按人口分布基尼系数在0.1左右,公平性好;按地理面积配置基尼系数在0.58左右,处于高度不公平状态。结论 我国中医执业(助理)医师存在数量不足、素质不高、地区间配置不均衡等问题。
关键词:中医药事业;人力资源;配置公平性
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2018.03.002
中图分类号:R2-05 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2018)03-0007-05
Abstract: Objective To discuss existing problems in talent team construction; To provide evidence for the government to enact proper strategies based on the analysis of the current situation of TCM practitioners (assistants) distribution in China from quantity, quality and distribution equity. Methods The research is studied through conducting a descriptive analysis of TCM practitioners (assistants) from quantity, education, job titles, ages, and other basic conditions and changes. Gini coefficient was used to evaluate the distribution of TCM practitioners (assistants). Results The quantity of TCM practitioners (assistants) increased by 53.7% from 2010 to 2015. Concerning the quality of personnel, the ratio of the personnel with bachelors degree or above increased from 38.6% to 44.2%, and a slight increase was observed with the personnel with senior title. In terms of age structure, the proportion of the age of TCM practitioners (assistants) under 25 years old, 35 to 59 years old decreased, and the proportion of the age of TCM practitioners (assistants) above 60 years old, 25 to 34 years old increased. From the perspective of equity, there is a difference between the provincial-level administration of human resources distribution. The Gini coefficient as per population distribution was around 0.1, which indicated good equity. From the geographical area configuration, the Gini coefficient was approximately 0.58, which showed high level of disparity. Conclusion There are problems of insufficient quantity, low quality and distribution disparity among regions in TCM practitioners (assistant) in China.
Keywords: TCM business; human resources; distribution equity
在深化醫药卫生体制改革背景下,我国中医药卫生事业的发展迎来了前所未有的机遇和挑战,人力资源作为中医药事业中最活跃的因素,在中医药事业发展的全局中起着核心作用。建设一支优秀的中医药人才队伍,是实现中医药事业可持续发展,提高国民健康水平的关键一环。当前,随着中医药事业的快速发展,各种矛盾不断呈现出来,我国中医药事业发展现状与国民日益增长的医疗服务需求之间还存在不小差距。……