李喜亮

[摘要]目的 研究并探讨百日咳并发肺炎的临床护理要点，为百日咳合并肺炎的临床防治提供可靠的参考依据。方法 选取2014年1月～2017年3月深圳市儿童医院感染科收治的100例百日咳合并肺炎患儿，按照计算机随机数字分组法分为对照组和观察组，每组各50例。对照组患儿施行常规护理，观察组患儿行针对性护理，对两组患儿在症状缓解时间、住院时间、家长焦虑评分、家长疾病不确定感评分、家长护理满意度等方面进行比较。结果 观察组患儿咳嗽、肺啰音、高热等症状缓解时间及住院时间均短于对照组（P<0.05）；两组家长干预后的焦虑评分、疾病不确定感评分均低于干预前（P<0.05），观察组患儿家长干预后焦虑评分、疾病不确定感评分低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组患儿家长护理总满意率（98%）高于对照组家长（84%），差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 针对性护理用于百日咳并发肺炎患儿临床护理，可起到促进症状缓解、缓解患儿家长负性情绪、提高患儿家长护理满意度作用，护理效果显著。

[关键词]百日咳；肺炎；护理；儿科

[中图分类号] R473.72 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）2（c）-0161-03

[Abstract]Objective To study and discuss the key points of clinical nursing for pertussis complicated with pneumonia and provide a reliable reference for the clinical prevention and treatment of pertussis complicated with pneumonia.Methods 100 children patients with pertussis complicated with pneumonia who were admitted to the Department of Infectious Disease in Shenzhen Children Shenzhen′s Hospital from January 2014 to March 2017 were selected as the study subjects.According to the computer random number grouping method，the patients were randomly divided into two groups，50 cases in each group.The control group and the observation group were given routine nursing care and targeted nursing care respectively.The symptom relief time，length of hospital stay，anxiety score of parents，score of parents′uncertainty about the disease and parents′satisfaction with nursing were compared between the two groups.Results The relief time of symptoms such as cough，pulmonary rales and fever，and length of stay in the observation group were all shorter than those in the control group（P<0.05）；the scores of anxiety and disease uncertainty after intervention in both groups were lower than those before intervention（P<0.05）.After intervention，the scores of anxiety and disease uncertainty in observation group were lower than those in control group（P<0.05）.The total parents′satisfaction rate with nursing in the observation group （98%） was higher than that in the control group （84%），and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion Targeted nursing for children patients with pertussis complicated with pneumonia in clinical nursing can play a role in promoting the relief of symptoms，alleviating the negative emotions of parents and improving parents′satisfaction with the nursing.The nursing effect is significant.

[Key words]Pertussis；Pneumonia；Nursing；Pediatrics

百日咳屬于临床常见的呼吸系统疾病，主要指由百日咳杆菌引发的急性传染性疾病，近年来，通过大规模的接种百日咳疫苗，使百日咳的发病率大幅度下降，但其在5岁以下儿童中仍然存在较多的发病[1-2]。百日咳的临床症状以阵发性、痉挛性的咳嗽为主，容易并发支气管肺炎，致使病情加重，危及患儿的生命安全，故临床上需对百日咳合并肺炎予以重视，对患儿实施积极治疗，而在治疗期，为保证治疗效果，护理措施也必不可少。本研究旨在探讨百日咳并发肺炎的临床护理要点，现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

选取2014年1月～2017年3月在深圳市儿童医院感染科收治的100例百日咳合并肺炎患儿，均符合本研究入组标准：明确诊断为百日咳伴发肺炎；年龄不超过6岁；家长或监护人签署知情同意书。……