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三种近视矫正方法在延缓学龄期儿童近视发展方面的临床分析

2018-05-23周进华

中外医疗 2018年5期

周进华

[摘要] 目的 探讨单光镜、角膜塑形镜、渐进多焦点镜在延缓学龄期儿童近视发展中应用效果。 方法 方便选取2013年1月—2016年10月该院150例學龄期近视患儿依据矫正方法分成A组(普通单光片框架眼镜,50例)、B组(角膜塑形镜,50例)、C组(渐进多焦点镜片框架眼镜联合翻转拍控制,50例)。2年随访,观察3组患儿近视眼度数增长幅度差异及眼轴长度和屈光度的变化。结果 B组患儿近视度数平均增长(51.56±7.37)度,与A组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(tA=26.13,tC=12.75,P<0.05)。 结论 角膜塑形镜延缓近视发展效果优于单光镜和渐进多焦点镜,是矫治学龄期儿童近视的可靠选择,应用安全有效,值得临床推广使用。

[关键词] 学龄期儿童;近视;单光镜;角膜塑形镜;渐进多焦点镜

[中图分类号] R778 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2018)02(b)-0105-03

[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to investigate the effect of the single vision lenses, orthokeratology lenses, progressive multifocal lenses in delaying the development of myopia in school-age children。Methods A total of 150 cases of school-age children admitted in Nanjing Gulou Hospital Group Yizheng Hospital from January 2013 to October 2016 were convenient selected and averagely divided into 3groups according to the myopia correction method: group A (50 cases of ordinary single-piece frame glasses), group B (50 cases of orthokeratology lenses), group C(50 cases of joint flip control with progressive multifocal lenses). And the 2-year follow-up was performed among the three groups to observe the growth rate and the degree of the myopia eyes, and the changes of the axial length and diopter. Results In group B, the degree of myopia increased (51.56±7.37) on average, and compared with group A and group C, the difference was statistically significant (tA=26.13, tC=12.75, P<0.05). Conclusion Orthokeratology is better than the the ordinary single-piece frame glasses and the progressive multifocal lenses and it is a reliable choice for safe and effective correction of myopia in school-age children, and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

[Key words] School-age children; Myopia; Single vision lenses; Orthokeratology; Progressive multifocal lenses

近视眼指屈光静止前提下,远处物体于视网膜之前形成焦点所导致的视觉变形和视物不清,属于屈光不正的一种[1]。我国是近视高发国家,学龄期儿童人群患病率8%~55%,居世界第二位[2]。佩戴矫正镜是现阶段临床非手术控制近视发展的主要方法,文章现以2013年1月—2016年10月该院150例学龄期近视患儿为例,对临床常用3种矫正镜的近视矫正效果及安全性进行分析和探讨,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

方便选取在该院门诊诊治的150例学龄期近视患儿为研究对象,在充分告知目前矫正近视的方式以及利弊并由患儿父母充分知情同意并自主选择矫正方式的情况下,依据矫正方法不同将入选患儿分为3组。A组(50例):男26例,女24例;平均(10.73±1.62)岁;平均等效球镜(-2.91±0.62)D。B组(50例):男27例,女23例;平均年龄(10.82±1.37)岁;平均等效球镜(-2.87±0.59)D。C组(50例):男25例,女25例;平均年龄(10.77±1.50)岁;平均等效球镜(-2.90±0.63)D。3组一般资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。……

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