乳腺导管原位癌外科手术治疗的研究进展
2018-04-20于冰冯锐
于冰 冯锐
摘 要:乳腺导管原位癌是一种多发恶性肿瘤,其本质为癌细胞累及上皮全层,且仅局限在导管内尚未突破基底膜的肿瘤。近年来,随着医学技术的快速发展,乳腺导管原位癌检出率明显提升,且治疗措施也相应改进。外科手术是临床上常用的治疗乳腺导管原位癌的方法,且涉及手术类型较多,效果不一。文章对临床上外科手术治疗乳腺导管原位癌的研究进行综述,以期为临床实践和研究提供必要的参考依据。
关键词:乳腺导管原位癌;外科手术;研究进展
中图分类号:R737.9 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.05.017
文章编号:1006-1959(2018)05-0047-03
Progress in Surgical Treatment of Breast Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
YU Bing,FENG Rui
(Department of Mammary Gland,Tianjin Central Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Tianjin 300100,China)
Abstract:Breast ductal carcinoma in situ is a kind of multiple malignant tumor,its essence is cancer cells involving the entire epithelium,and only confined in the ducts has not broken through the basement membrane tumor.In recent years,with the rapid development of medical technology,the detection rate of breast ductal carcinoma in situ was significantly increased,and the treatment measures were improved accordingly.Surgical treatment is a commonly used method in the treatment of breast ductal carcinoma in situ, and involves many types of surgery,and the effect is not the same.This article reviews the clinical study of surgical treatment of breast ductal carcinoma in situ.In order to provide the necessary reference for clinical practice and research.
Key words:Ductal carcinoma in situ;Surgery;Research progress
乳腺癌是我国一种常见的女性恶性肿瘤,临床上提升乳腺癌患者治疗效果、改善其预后的关键,是早诊断、早治疗。一般来说,在组织学上,早期原位乳腺癌包括乳腺导管原位癌(ductal carcinoma in situ,DCIS)、小叶原位癌两种。早期乳腺癌存在发展为浸润性癌的潜在趋势,其中,相较于小叶原位癌,乳腺导管原位癌发展为浸润性癌的风险更高,引起人们的高度关注。早在2003年,世界卫生组织《乳腺和女性生殖器官肿瘤的病理学和遗传学分类》中,正式将乳腺导管原位癌归入癌前病变范畴[1]。此外,乳腺导管原位癌属于乳腺非侵袭性病变,相较于早期浸润癌,其切除后有著更低的病变复发率。所以,临床上越来越多的学者主张采用手术方法治疗乳腺导管原位癌。美国国家综合癌症网络(NCCN)乳腺癌临床实践指南2017版中提出,适用于乳腺导管原位癌的局部治疗方法包括保乳手术+不进行淋巴结处理+术后放疗(1类)、全乳切除±前哨淋巴结活检±乳房重建(2A类)、保乳手术+不进行腋窝淋巴结处理+不进行放疗(2B类)[2]。……
