难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的治疗进展
2018-04-20唐培渊宋俊峰秦克乐王寻阎雄
唐培渊 宋俊峰 秦克乐 王寻 阎雄
摘 要:特发性血小板减少性紫癜经脾切除和糖皮质激素治疗后仍需积极治疗定义为难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜。目前糖皮质激素、免疫球蛋白、艾曲波帕 、罗米司亭、利妥昔单等已广泛应用于该病的治疗,但部分患者仍无疗效,进而有更多新型药物正在研发,如新型促血小板药物Avatrombopag(E5501)、抗CD20单克隆抗体(Veltuzumab)、Syk抑制剂(R788)、抗CD152抗体(Alemtuzumab)等,或者免疫抑制剂用于该病,如长春花碱、环孢素A、环磷酰胺等。也有针对于该病的新理论的提出需要临床验证。本文就围绕该病的治疗进展展开讨论。
关键词:难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜;糖皮质激素;免疫球蛋白;副脾切除
中图分类号:R554.6 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.05.016
文章编号:1006-1959(2018)05-0042-05
Progress in Treatment of Refractory Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
TANG Pei-yuan,SONG Jun-feng,QIN Ke-le,WANG Xun,YAN Xiong
(Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400010,China)
Abstract:Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is still defined as refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura after splenectomy and glucocorticoid therapy.At present,glucocorticoids,immunoglobulin,atropa,romistin,rituximab and so on have been widely used in the treatment of the disease,but some patients still have no effect,and more new drugs are being developed.For example,a new platelet-stimulating drug named Avatrombopaga (E5501),a monoclonal antibody against CD20(Veltuzumab),Syk inhibitor(R788),anti CD152 antibody(Alemtuzumabis),or immunosuppressive agents for the disease,such as vinorelbine,cyclosporine A,cyclophosphamide, etc.There is also a need for clinical verification of new theories on the disease.This paper discusses the progress in the treatment of the disease.
Key words:Refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura;Glucocorticoid;Immunoglobulin;Accessory splenectomy
特發性血小板减少性紫癜(immune thrombocytopenia,ITP)是临床常见的一种血液系统疾病,以血小板计数减少及全身皮肤、黏膜、内脏出血为主要临床表现。发病的机制主要有骨髓生成血小板减少、血小板自身抗体生成、网状系统清除血小板。ITP的一线治疗药物为糖皮质激素,对于糖皮质激素治疗反应不佳的患者可行脾切除。然而约30%~50%的患者在接受脾切除及糖皮质激素后血小板计数仍不理想[1]。据2016国际ITP工作组意见[2],难治性ITP的最新定义为:患者对脾切除无效,或者脾切除后再次复发,出血风险高,仍需积极治疗。治疗难治性ITP的主要治疗途径有减少血小板被破坏、控制血小板自身抗体生成、刺激血小板产生。传统的难治性ITP治疗主要有糖皮质激素、免疫球蛋白、TPO受体激动剂、利妥昔单抗等。……
