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2012~2016年我国六城市神经保护剂用药现状调查

2018-03-07王慧媛杨莉赵志刚

中国医药导报 2018年3期

王慧媛+杨莉+赵志刚

[摘要] 目的 通過调查我国6个城市神经保护剂的使用现状及用药趋势,初步评价神经保护剂使用的合理性,为促进药物合理使用提供基础参考数据。 方法 数据来源于2012年1月~2016年12月中国药学会医院药学专业委员会“医院处方分析合作项目”收集的我国6个城市中84家各级样本医疗卫生机构的抽样处方,对患者用药情况进行分析。 结果 5年来,6个城市神经保护剂销售金额呈逐年上升趋势。患者男女比约为5∶4,患者年龄1~118岁,主要集中在50~90岁,占75.00%。用药科室分布主要集中在神经内科(24.92%)、神经外科(11.17%)、老干部科(8.47%)、急诊科(7.62%)和心内科(5.33%)。原始诊断占前5名的是:脑梗死(3.17%)、脑出血(1.45%)、脑血管病(0.91%)、头部外伤(0.50%)和脑梗死后遗症(0.41%)。2016年各亚类药品销售金额中,神经营养因子类(520万元)>细胞膜稳定剂(510万元)>钙离子拮抗剂(280万元)>谷氨酸释放抑制剂(260万元)。药品消耗金额排名前5名分别为神经节苷脂(390万元)、鼠神经生长因子(330万元)、丁苯酞(260万元)、依达拉奉(220万元)、桂哌齐特(200万元)。各城市之间用药品种差别很大,每个地区有其各自的用药倾向。 结论 我国6个城市神经保护剂应用存在临床滥用现象,应在保证药物有效性和安全性的基础上,合理经济地使用药物。

[关键词] 缺血性脑卒中;神经保护剂;用药现状

[中图分类号] R95 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)01(c)-0046-06

[Abstract] Objective Based on the investigation of the current situation and trend of the use of Neuroprotective Agents in six cities in China, to preliminarily evaluate the rationality of the use of Neuroprotective Agents, in order to provide the basic reference data for promoting the rational use of drugs. Methods The data were from sampling prescription of 84 samples of medical and health institutions at all levels in 6 cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Chengdu) in China collected in“The Hospital Prescriptions Cooperation Project” of Hospital Pharmacy Committee of Chinese Pharmaceutical Association from January 2012 to December 2016, and the patient′s medication situation was analyzed. Results During the five years, the sales amount of Neuroprotective Agents in six cities increased year by year. The ratio of men to women was about 5 to 4, with the patients aged between 1 and 118 years old, mainly in the 50 to 90 years old, accounting for 75.00%. The distribution of drug departments were mainly in neurology (24.92%), neurosurgery (11.17%), old cadre department (8.47%), emergency department (7.62%) and cardiology (5.33%).The original diagnosis accounted for the top five: cerebral infarction (3.17%), cerebral hemorrhage (1.45%), cerebrovascular disease (0.91%), head trauma (0.50%) and cerebral infarction sequel (0.41%). The amount and kind of drug sales in 2016, Neurotrophic Co-Stimulating (5.2 million yuan) > Membrane Stabilizer (5.1 million yuan) > Calcium Antagonists (2.8 million yuan) > Glutamate Release Inhibitors (2.6 million yuan). The top 5 drug consumption figures were respectively Ganglioside (3.9 million yuan), Mouse Nerve Growth Factor (3.3 million yuan), Butyl Phthalide (2.6 million yuan), Edaravone (2.2 million yuan), Cinepazide (2 million yuan). There was a wide variation in drug use among cities, and each region had its own tendency to use drugs. Conclusion In general, there are clinical abuses in the application of Neuroprotective Agents in six cities in China, which should be used rationally and economically on the basis of ensuring the efficacy and safety of drugs.endprint

[Key words] Ischemic stroke; Neuroprotective Agents; Medication status

脑卒中是威胁人类健康三大疾病之一,具有高患病率、高复发率、高致残率、高死亡率的特点,目前已经成为我国人口死亡和致残的第一位原因,急性缺血性脑卒中是最常见的卒中类型,占全部脑卒中的60%~80%。迄今为止,尚……

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