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配电变压器竖板换热特性的数值研究

2018-02-18鞠文杰

中小企业管理与科技·上旬刊 2018年12期

鞠文杰

【摘 要】论文在不同配电变压器竖板温度下对竖板换热特性进行了数值研究,获得了不同壁温下竖板换热量随间距的变化规律,竖板间最大流速及通道内的平均流速随板间距的变化规律,结果表明对流换热量随间距的变化规律与通道内平均流速的变化并不同步;不同高度下竖板的换热量随高宽比的增加均是先增加后减小,存在最优高宽比,不同高度下其最优高宽比也不同。获得了恒壁温60℃时,对流换热量最大时对应的高宽比,并拟合出最优宽度与高度的一维关系式。

【Abstract】 The paper makes a numerical study of the heat transfer characteristics of vertical plate of distribution transformer at different temperatures, obtains the variation regulation of heat transfer with distance between vertical plates at different wall temperature, the maximum flow velocity between vertical plates and the variation regulation of the mean flow velocity in the channel with different plate spacing. The results show that the variation of convective heat transfer with spacing is not synchronized with the variation of mean flow velocity in the channel, the heat transfer of vertical plate increases first and then decreases with the increase of the aspect ratio at different heights, and there exists optimum aspect ratio, and the optimum aspect ratio is also different at different heights. The aspect ratio corresponding for maximum convective heat transfer at constant wall temperature of 60℃ is obtained, and the one-dimensional relationship between the optimum width and height is fitted.

【關键词】竖通道;高宽比;数值研究;自然对流

【Keywords】 vertical channel; aspect ratio; numerical study; natural convection

【中图分类号】TK124                                        【文献标志码】A                                      【文章编号】1673-1069(2018)12-0188-02

1 引言

为维持配电变压器的可靠运行,采用有效可靠的手段进行及时散热是十分必要的[1]。矩形翅片由于其经济性和可靠性而备受欢迎[2],经常被用来安装在基板上实现散热。与强迫对流相比,自然对流具有简单、经济、可靠性高、易维护、无噪声等有优点,因而应用更为广泛。经由翅片向外的散热包括对流换热和辐射散热,由于翅片所用的材料发射率一般较低,辐射换热对总的换热量的影响相当小。由对流换热的方程Q=hAΔT可知,,在ΔT一定时,要增大对流换热量,可以通过提高h或A来实现。在一个固定的空间内增加翅片表面积固然可以增大对流换热量,但如果翅片间距不合适,将会导致传热恶化,从而降低表面传热系数,进而影响对流换热量。同理,对于不同的竖板高度其自然对流换热量最大时的最优间距也理应不同。……

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