一种新型X波段超宽带介质谐振器天线的设计
2018-01-31邹德友林文斌唐晋生阚国锦郑浩天
邹德友+林文斌+唐晋生+阚国锦+郑浩天
摘 要: 设计了一种新型的超宽带介质谐振器天线。该天线采用微带?槽耦合馈电方式,通过在地板上开矩形槽,背面由50 Ω的微带线中心馈电,从而展宽带宽。采用类似T型层叠结构,产生两种频率相近的模式,从而显著提高天线的阻抗带宽。仿真结果显示,该新型超宽带介质谐振器天线工作于X波段,天线的相对阻抗带宽达到47.37%,频段内平均增益超过7.2 dBi,天线方向图对称性良好。天线的整体辐射特性良好,且结构简单,易于实现,可应用在微波通信、雷达等领域。
关键词: 介质谐振器; 超宽带; X波段; 微带?槽耦合; 阻抗带宽; 高增益
中图分类号: TN82?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2018)03?0027?03
Abstract: A novel ultra?wide band dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is designed in this paper. The microstrip?slot coupling feeding mode is adopted in the DRA. The rectangular slot is grooved on the substrate of the antenna, and its reverse side is fed by the centre of microstrip line of 50 Ω to extend the band. The T?like stepped structure is adopted in DRA to generate two resonant modes with similar frequency, so as to improve the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The simulation results show that, when the new ultra?wide band DRA works at X?band, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna can reach up to 47.37%, the average gain within the band is higher than 7.2 dBi, and the antenna pattern has perfect symmetry. The antenna has good overall radiation characteristic, simple structure and easy implementation, and can be applied to the microwave communication, radar and other fields.
Keywords: dielectric resonator; ultra?wide band; X?band; microstrip?slot coupling; impedance bandwidth; high gain
0 引 言
介质谐振器天线(DRAs)具有很多优点,比如低损耗、小型化、高辐射效率。但介质谐振器的带宽较窄。介质谐振器的品质因数对天线的阻抗带宽有重要影响,阻抗带宽(BW)与品质因数值的关系为:
式中:是DRA馈电端口的最大电压驻波比VSWR。由该等式可知,在单一模式下,提高带宽可以通过降低谐振器的值来实现,即需具有更低介电常数的介质材料。用空气缝或镂空的DRA[1?2]也具有宽带特性,但体积会相应增大。
除此之外,还有其他提高DRA带宽的方法,如引入多模谐振[3?5],可以激励多个谐振模,但也会影响辐射方向图的对称性。而方向图的对称性可以通过采用微带?槽耦合馈电[6?10]来实现。
1 天线结构设计
本文设计了一个X波段的宽带介质谐振器天线,天线的馈电形式是用微带?槽耦合来实现的。……
