何明杰+吴标良+韦喜+杨大伟

【摘要】目的观察铝暴露大鼠的血糖、胰岛素水平对胰腺组织病理形态的影响，探讨铝暴露导致糖代谢异常的机制。方法选取健康成年SD清洁级大鼠20只，按体重随机分为两组：对照组（生理盐水）和铝暴露组（AlCl3 8 mg·kg-1·d-1），腹腔注射，1次/日，全程共4周。第4周末测定两组空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（Fins），计算稳态模型胰岛素分泌指数（HOMA-β）；取胰腺组织切片行HE染色，观察胰腺组织的改变。结果铝暴露组FPG高于对照组，Fins、HOMA-β低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；对照组胰腺组织正常，铝暴露组胰腺组织坏死明显，可见部分胰岛细胞坏死。结论铝暴露可能通过破坏胰岛细胞导致胰岛素减少，从而引发大鼠血糖升高。

【关键词】铝暴露；血糖；胰岛素；胰腺组织

中图分类号：R595.2文献标识码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-1383.2017.06.002

【Abstract】ObjectiveTo observe the effect of aluminum exposure on blood glucose and insulin levels in rats，and to investigate the mechanism of impaired glucose metabolism induced by aluminum exposure.Methods20 healthy adult SD clean rats were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to their body weight： control group（saline）and aluminum exposed group（AlCl3 8 mg·kg-1·d-1）by intraperitoneal injection 1 times per day for 4 weeks.Then fasting blood glucose（FBG）and fasting insulin（Fins） were measured at the end of the fourth week in the two groups，and the Home-insulin secretion index（HOMA-β）were calculated.Pancreatic tissue sections were stained with HE to observe the changes of pancreatic tissue.ResultsFBG of the aluminum exposed group was higher than that of the control group，but Fins and HOMA-β were lower than those of the control group，difference was statistically significant（P<0.01）.In the control group，the pancreatic tissue was normal，and the pancreatic tissue necrosis in the aluminum exposed group was obvious，and some islet cell necrosis could be found.ConclusionAluminum exposure may cause insulin depletion by disrupting islet cells，leading to elevated blood glucose in rats.

【Key words】aluminum exposure；blood glucose；insulin；pancreatic tissue

国内学者对居住在铝污染环境的人群进行健康调查发现，1/3的受检者患有糖脂代谢紊乱、高血压、冠心病等慢性疾病，揭示长期铝暴露严重影响人体的健康[1]。近几年越来越多的研究发现，长期铝暴露可能导致人体糖代谢紊乱。本研究拟通过连续腹腔注射三氯化铝（AlCl3）的方法，建立铝暴露大鼠模型，观察大鼠血糖、胰岛素及胰腺形态的变化，并探讨其内在机制。1材料与方法1.1动物由右江民族医学院实验动物中心提供20只活动能力相近、体重220～250 g的健康成年SD清洁级大鼠，将实验大鼠适应喂养1周后，随机分为对照组、实验组，每组10只，分笼饲养，自由进食及饮水。

1.2试剂结晶氯化铝分析纯（AlCl3·6H2O，相对分子质量241.43），西安化学试剂厂产品。

1.3动物模型的建立及给药方法将AlCl3溶液用蒸馏水配制，浓度为10 g/L。AlCl3水溶液高压灭菌后，以8 mg·kg-1·d-1的剂量对铝暴露组大鼠进行腹腔注射，对照组腹腔注射等量（2 ml/只）灭菌生理盐水，1次/日，全程共4周。……