胡杨

The Pulitzer Prize is an award for achievements in newspaper， magazine and online journalism， literature， and musical composition in the United States. It was established in 1917 by provisions1 in the will of American （Hungarian-born） Joseph Pulitzer who had made his fortune as a newspaper publisher， and is administered2 by Columbia University in New York City. Prizes are awarded yearly in twenty-one categories. In twenty of the categories， each winner receives a certificate and a US$15，000 cash award. The winner in the public service category of the journalism competition is awarded a gold medal.

普利策奖是美国的一项成就奖，奖励那些在报纸、杂志与网络新闻、文学和音乐创作方面取得的成就。1917年该奖根据美国（匈牙利出生的）约瑟夫·普利策的遗嘱设立。约瑟夫把他在报刊经销商时期所积累的财富捐赠，并交由纽约的哥伦比亚大学管理。普利策奖每年颁发的分类共包括21个奖项。在20个类别中，每位获奖者将获得一份证书和1.5万美元的现金奖励。新闻竞赛公共服务类的优胜者则被授予金质奖章。

The Pulitzer Prize does not automatically consider all applicable3 works in the media. Entries must fit in at least one of the specific prize categories， and cannot simply gain entrance for being literary or musical. Works can also only be entered in a maximum4 of two categories.

普利策奖不会自发考虑所有在新闻媒体上适用于评选的作品。参赛作品必须至少符合其中一个奖项类别，不会仅因为是文学或音乐作品就获得评选资格。作品最多只能参加两个类别的评选。

Each year， 102 jurors5 are selected by the Pulitzer Prize Board to serve on 20 separate juries for the 21 award categories. Most juries consist of five members， except for those for Public Service， Investigative Reporting， Explanatory6 Reporting， Feature7 writing and Commentary8 categories， which have seven members； all book juries have three members. For each award category， a jury makes three nominations. The board selects the winner by majority vote from the nominations9 and selects a different entry following a 75% majority vote. The board can also vote to issue no award. The board and journalism jurors are not paid for their work； however， the jurors in letters， music， and drama receive a $2，000 honorarium10 for the year， and each chair receives $2，500.

每年，普利策奖评委会委派102名评审员分成20个评审团，对21个奖项类别的作品进行评审。大多数评审团由五名成员组成，而公共服务奖、调查性报道奖、解释性报道奖、特写报道奖和评论奖这几个类别的评审团由七名成员组成；所有的图书奖项评审团有三名成员。在对每一类奖项评选的过程中，每个评审团都可以进行三次提名。评委会从提名作品中的多数票获得者中选出获奖者，并以75%多数票选择不同的候选作品。评委会也可以投票不授予任何奖项。评委会和新闻类评审员无薪工作；然而，文学、音乐和戏剧类别的评审员每年会获得2000美元的酬金，每位评委会主席获得2500美元的酬金。

Anyone whose work has been submitted is called an entrant11. The jury selects a group of nominated12 finalists and announces them， together with the winner for each category.

被提交的作品被称为“入围”作品。评审团选择一组入围作品提名，选出每一类奖项的优胜者。……